SNPMiner Trials by Shray Alag


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Report for Mutation L24I

Developed by Shray Alag, 2020.
SNP Clinical Trial Gene

There are 5 clinical trials

Clinical Trials


1 A Phase IIIB, Randomized Trial of Open-Label Efavirenz or Atazanavir With Ritonavir in Combination With Double-Blind Comparison of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir or Abacavir/Lamivudine in Antiretroviral-Naive Subjects

Currently, the preferred anti-HIV regimens used in the United States consist of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) efavirenz (EFV). However, with new anti-HIV drugs being approved, alternative regimens need to be tested to determine if new drug combinations have increased effectiveness in treating HIV. The purpose of this study is to test the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of four different regimens in HIV-infected adults who have never taken anti-HIV drugs.

NCT00118898 HIV Infections Drug: Abacavir/Lamivudine Drug: Atazanavir Drug: Efavirenz Drug: Emtricitabine/Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Drug: Ritonavir Drug: Abacavir/Lamivudine placebo Drug: Emtricitabine/Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate placebo
MeSH:HIV Infections

Major mutations were defined by International AIDS Society-United States of America (2008), as well as T69D, L74I, G190C/E/Q/T/V for reverse transcriptase and L24I, F53L, I54V/A/T/S, G73C/S/T/A, N88D for protease.. Number of Participants Experiencing Certain Targeted Clinical Events, Including Death, AIDS-defining Illness, and HIV-1 Related Events.. AIDS-defining illnesses were defined per CDC category C definition. --- T69D --- --- L74I --- --- G190C --- --- L24I ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at visit weeks 16 and 24 , and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks after randomization and before 24 weeks, or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. The 5th percentile for time to virologic failure is the time (in weeks) at which 5% of the participants have experienced virologic failure.

Measure: Time From Randomization to Virologic Failure

Time: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Description: Grade 3/4 safety event is defined as a grade 3 or 4 sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality that is at least one grade higher than at baseline, total bilirubin and creatine kinase (CPK) were excluded. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables.

Measure: Time From Treatment Dispensation to a Grade 3/4 Safety Event

Time: All follow-up while on initially assigned regimen; the median (25th, 75th percentile) follow-up while on initial regimen was 120 (54, 156) weeks and the range was 0 to 205 weeks.

Description: Treatment modification is defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution.

Measure: Time From Treatment Dispensation to Treatment Modification

Time: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. Treatment modification was defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution.

Measure: Time From Treatment Dispensation to Regimen Failure (First Occurrence of Virologic Failure or Treatment Modification)

Time: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Measure: The Number of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Levels Less Than 50 Copies/mL

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Measure: Number of Participants With HIV-1 RNA Levels Less Than 200 Copies/mL

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Description: Change was calculated as the CD4 count at Week 48 (or at Week 96) minus the baseline CD4 count (mean of pre-entry and entry values).

Measure: Change in CD4 Count (Cells/mm3) From Baseline

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Description: Emergence of resistant virus was assessed by genotypic testing performed at Stanford University for all participants who met criteria for virologic failure and retrospectively on baseline samples from these participants. Major mutations were defined by International AIDS Society-United States of America (2008), as well as T69D, L74I, G190C/E/Q/T/V for reverse transcriptase and L24I, F53L, I54V/A/T/S, G73C/S/T/A, N88D for protease.

Measure: Number of Participants With Virologic Failure and Emergence of Major Resistance

Time: Follow-up time was variable,median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Description: AIDS-defining illnesses were defined per CDC category C definition. HIV-1 related events were defined per CDC category B definition. Events underwent study chair review for classification. See link below for more details. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00018871.htm

Measure: Number of Participants Experiencing Certain Targeted Clinical Events, Including Death, AIDS-defining Illness, and HIV-1 Related Events.

Time: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Description: Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting.

Measure: Change in Fasting Total Cholesterol Level From Baseline

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Description: Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting.

Measure: Change in Fasting High-density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol Level From Baseline

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Description: Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting.

Measure: Change in Fasting Non-high Density Lipoprotein (Non-HDL) Cholesterol Level From Baseline

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Description: Only fasting results are included. The protocol did not require that samples be collected fasting.

Measure: Change in Fasting Triglyceride Level From Baseline

Time: At Weeks 48 and 96

Other Outcomes

Description: Participants were to be followed for 96 weeks after the last enrollment. Accrual was expected to take 96 weeks, thus the planned follow-up time was 96 to 192 weeks, dependent on when in the study the participant enrolled. This outcome summarizes that total amount of actual follow-up in weeks from randomization to last contact.

Measure: Amount of Study Follow-up

Time: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks

Description: Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks.

Measure: Number of Participants With Virologic Failure

Time: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Description: Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks.

Measure: Cumulative Probability of Not Experiencing Virologic Failure

Time: At week 48 and 96

Description: Grade 3/4 safety event is defined as a grade 3 or 4 sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality that is at least one grade higher than at baseline, total bilirubin and creatine kinase (CPK) were excluded. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables. As-treated analysis censored at 1st modification of initially assigned regimen, participants who never started treatment were excluded.

Measure: Number of Participants With a Grade 3/4 Safety Event

Time: Over all study follow-up while on initially assigned treatment, median follow-up was 120 weeks

Description: Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Grade 3/4 safety event is defined as a grade 3 or 4 sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality that is at least one grade higher than at baseline, total bilirubin and creatine kinase (CPK) were excluded. Grading used the Division of AIDS (DAIDS) 2004 Severity of Adverse Events Tables. As-treated analysis censored at 1st modification of initially assigned regimen, participants who never started treatment were excluded.

Measure: Cumulative Probability of Not Experiencing a Grade 3/4 Safety Event

Time: At week 48 and 96

Description: Treatment modification is defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution.

Measure: Number of Participants With Treatment Modification

Time: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Description: Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Treatment modification is defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution.

Measure: Cumulative Probability of Not Experiencing Treatment Modification

Time: At week 48 and 96

Description: Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. Treatment modification was defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution.

Measure: Number of Participants With Regimen Failure

Time: Follow-up time was variable, median follow-up was 138 weeks; see 'Amount of study follow-up' outcome for details

Description: Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative survival probability at week 48 and 96. Blood samples for determining virologic failure were obtained at 16 and 24 weeks, and every 12 weeks thereafter. Virologic failure was defined as a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >= 1000 copies/mL at or after 16 weeks and before 24 weeks or >=200 copies/mL at or after 24 weeks. Treatment modification was defined as the 1st modification of the regimen, including a permanent discontinuation, switch, or substitution.

Measure: Cumulative Probability of Not Experiencing Regimen Failure

Time: At week 48 and 96

2 A Randomized, Open-Label Study Assessing Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of an Induction-Maintenance Treatment Strategy Including Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine Versus Efavirenz Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine in Antiviral-naïve HIV-1/HCV Co-Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a simplified lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy will continue to keep the viral load at very low levels after initial treatment with a combination of Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) plus tenofovir and emtricitabine.

NCT00121017 HIV Infection Hepatitis C Drug: Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) Drug: Sustiva (efavirenz) Drug: Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate)
MeSH:Hepatitis C

- The screening HIV-1 genotype resistance report suggests resistance or possible resistance to the study RTI(s) or lopinavir/ritonavir; Evidence of possible resistance to efavirenz; Presence of one of the following mutations: RT L1001, K103N, V106A or M, V108I, Y181C or I, Y188L, G190A or S, P225H, M230L; Evidence of possible resistance to emtricitabine or lamivudine; Presence of one of the following mutations: RTm184V or I; Evidence of possible resistance to tenofovir; Presence of RT K65R or insertion at codon 69, or Presence of 2 or more of the following mutations: RTm41L, D67N, K70R, L210W; any change at T215, K219Q or evidence of possible resistance to lopinavir/ritonavir; Presence of one or more of the following mutations: protease I47V or A, G48V, I50V, V82A or F or T or S, I84V, 190M or Presence of 3 or more of the following mutations: protease L10F or I or R or V, K20M or R, L24I, V32I, L33F, M36I, M46I or L, F53L; any change at I54, A71V or T, G73S. --- K103N --- --- V106A --- --- V108I --- --- Y181C --- --- Y188L --- --- G190A --- --- P225H --- --- M230L --- --- K65R --- --- D67N --- --- K70R --- --- L210W --- --- K219Q --- --- I47V --- --- G48V --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L10F --- --- K20M --- --- L24I ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: The proportion of subjects with a plasma HIV-1 RNA level below 50 copies/mL at Week 96.

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Vital signs

Measure: Physical examinations

Measure: Clinical laboratory tests

3 A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) Tablets 800/200 Milligram (mg) Once-Daily (QD) Versus 400/100 mg Twice-Daily (BID) When Coadministered With Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) in Antiretroviral-Experienced, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study was to compare the safety, tolerability, and antiviral activity of once-daily (QD) and twice-daily (BID) dosing of the lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet formulation in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in antiretroviral-experienced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected subjects with detectable viral load while receiving their current antiretroviral therapy.

NCT00358917 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections Drug: lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) Drug: lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
HPO:Immunodeficiency

Virologic Response (HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/mL) at Week 48 for Participants With 0-2 Protease Inhibitor Substitutions at Baseline Associated With Reduced Response to Lopinavir/Ritonavir. Substitutions considered in the analysis were L10F/I/R/V, K20M/N/R, L24I, L33F, M36I, I47V, G48V, I54L/T/V, V82A/C/F/S/T, and I84V as defined in the proposed United States Package Insert.. Percentage of Participants With New Primary Protease Mutations at Week 48. --- L10F --- --- K20M --- --- L24I ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: A participant was classified as a responder at the first of 2 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ribonucleic acid (RNA) levels <50 copies/mL. The participant continued to be a responder until 2 consecutive values >=50 copies/mL were reached, until the final value if that value was >=50 copies/mL, or until discontinuation or death.

Measure: Percentage of Participants Responding at Week 48 Based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Levels < 50 Copies/Milliliter (mL) at Week 48

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Cluster of Differentiation 4 Single-Positive Thymocyte (CD4+ T) Cell Counts

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Description: Substitutions considered in the analysis were L10F/I/R/V, K20M/N/R, L24I, L33F, M36I, I47V, G48V, I54L/T/V, V82A/C/F/S/T, and I84V as defined in the proposed United States Package Insert.

Measure: Virologic Response (HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/mL) at Week 48 for Participants With 0-2 Protease Inhibitor Substitutions at Baseline Associated With Reduced Response to Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Description: Emergence of new primary protease inhibitor mutations (i.e., mutations at codons 30, 32, 48, 50, 82, 84, and 90 that were not present at baseline).

Measure: Percentage of Participants With New Primary Protease Mutations at Week 48

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

4 Prevention of HIV1 Mother to Child Transmission Without Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the Pre-partum Phase. A Multicenter Randomised Phase II/III Open Label Study With a Group of 100 Pregnant Women Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir and a Group of 50 Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Zidovudine and Lamivudine. ANRS 135 Primeva

In the pre-partum phase the use of antiretroviral therapy for the mother during the last trimester of pregnancy is mandatory. The use of HAART during pregnancy, usually two nucleosides analogues and a protease inhibitor exposes the mother and the child to cumulate toxicities related to both families. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a boosted protease inhibitor without nucleoside analogue during the pre-partum phase for women with no indication of antiretroviral therapy for their own.

NCT00424814 HIV Infections Drug: Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) Drug: Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) + Combivir (zidovudine/lamivudine)
MeSH:HIV Infections

Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) HIV Infections HIV Infections Recent data from the French perinatal cohort and others indicate that HIV-RNA levels at delivery correlate with risk of transmission among women treated with antiretroviral agents. --- V32I --- --- I47A --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L24I ---

Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) HIV Infections HIV Infections Recent data from the French perinatal cohort and others indicate that HIV-RNA levels at delivery correlate with risk of transmission among women treated with antiretroviral agents. --- V32I --- --- I47A --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L24I --- --- L33F --- --- M46I --- --- F53L --- --- I54M --- --- L63P --- --- A71L --- --- V32I --- --- I47A --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L24I ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of mother with plasma HIV1 below 200 copies per ml after 8 weeks of treatment

Time: W8

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of women maintained with monotherapy until delivery,

Time: delivery

Measure: Proportion of women with a VL below 50 copies per ml at delivery

Time: delivery

Measure: Proportion of women harbouring resistant HIV strains four weeks after delivery

Time: W4 post partum

Measure: Concentrations of studied drug in plasma and in cord-blood

Time: at delivery

Measure: HIV-1 detection and concentrations of studied drug in vaginal secretion before and after treatment

Time: W0, W8 of treatment

Measure: concentrations of studied drugs in the new born gastric fluid, HIV diagnostic in infant (criteria for stopping the trial at second infection)

Time: birth

5 A Randomized, Open-label Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir 400/100 mg Tablet Twice Daily + Co-formulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 200/300 mg Once Daily Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir 400/100 mg Tablet Twice Daily + Raltegravir 400 mg Twice Daily in Antiretroviral Naive, HIV-1 Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study is to compare the safety, tolerability, and antiviral activity of the lopinavir/ritonavir tablet when administered in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors to lopinavir/ritonavir tablets when administered in combination with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) integrase inhibitor in antiretroviral naive HIV-1 infected subjects.

NCT00711009 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Drug: lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) Drug: emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) Drug: raltegravir (RAL)
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrom Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Virus Diseases
HPO:Immunodeficiency

Evidence of lopinavir resistance was more conservatively defined as the presence of 1 or more of these mutations: protease I47V or A, G48V, I50V, V82A or F or T or S, I84V, L90M; or presence of at least 3 or more of these mutations: protease L10F or I or R or V, K20M or R, L24I, V32I, L33F, M36I, M46I or L, F53L, any change to I54, A71V or T, and G73S.. Change From Baseline on Physical Component Score of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey. --- I47V --- --- G48V --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L90M --- --- L10F --- --- K20M --- --- L24I ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: A participant was classified as a responder at the first of 2 consecutive visits with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL. The participant continued to be a responder until one of the following: the participant had 2 consecutive values greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the final measurement, if the final measurement was the first one documenting an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA level to greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the participant discontinued participation in the study or died.

Measure: Percentage of Participants Responding (Plasma HIV-1 Ribonucleic Acid [RNA] Levels Less Than 40 Copies/Milliliter [mL]) at Week 48 Based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm

Time: Baseline to Week 48

Description: Treatment-emergent adverse events were defined as those occurring after study drug initiation and within 30 days after the last dose of study drug. Treatment-emergent, moderate or severe drug-related adverse events that occurred in at least 2% of participants in either treatment arm are presented.

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Moderate or Severe Treatment-emergent, Drug-related Adverse Events

Time: Week 96

Description: Potentially clinically significant laboratory values that occurred in at least 2% of participants in either treatment arm are presented.

Measure: Primary Outcome: Percentage of Participants With Potentially Clinically Significant Laboratory Values

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Secondary Outcomes

Description: A participant was classified as a responder at the first of 2 consecutive visits with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL. The participant continued to be a responder until one of the following: 1) the participant had 2 consecutive values greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the final measurement, if the final measurement was the first one documenting an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA level to greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the participant discontinued participation in the study or died.

Measure: Percentage of Participants Responding (Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels Below 40 Copies/Milliliter [mL]) at Each Visit Based on the FDA Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change in CD4+ T-Cell Counts From Baseline to Each Visit

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Time of loss of virologic response was defined as the first of the following: first of 2 consecutive visits with plasma HIV-1 RNA greater than or equal to 40 copies/milliliter (mL), if the participant previously demonstrated 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL; Study Day 1, if the subject never achieved 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL; the day of the final measurement, if the final measurement was the first one documenting an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA level to greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL.

Measure: Time to Loss of Virologic Response - Percentage of Participants Still Categorized as Responders at Day 672

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Resistance to study drugs was defined as described by the International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Panel. All participants had an HIV-1 drug resistance genotype (lopinavir/ritonavir, tenofovir, or emtricitabine) obtained at the Screening Visit. Beginning at Week 8, if participant's plasma HIV-1 RNA was greater than or equal to 40 copies/milliliter (mL) and was below 40 copies/mL at the previous visit, additional procedures were undertaken to determine if resistance to study drug occurred.

Measure: Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance to Each Drug in the Study Regimen, as Defined by the International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Panel.

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Beginning at Week 8, if participant's plasma HIV-1 RNA was greater than/equal to 40 copies/milliliter (mL) and was below 40 copies/mL at the previous visit, additional procedures were undertaken to determine if resistance occurred. Evidence of lopinavir resistance was more conservatively defined as the presence of 1 or more of these mutations: protease I47V or A, G48V, I50V, V82A or F or T or S, I84V, L90M; or presence of at least 3 or more of these mutations: protease L10F or I or R or V, K20M or R, L24I, V32I, L33F, M36I, M46I or L, F53L, any change to I54, A71V or T, and G73S.

Measure: Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance, Defined Conservatively, to Lopinavir

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The Survey is a brief, comprehensive health status measure used in studies of people with HIV/AIDS. Participants rate their health and mental/emotional condition, how much their health limits physical activities (eating, dressing, bathing, climbing stairs, walking one block, etc.) and social activities (for example, visiting with friends or relatives), and other questions that measure quality of life. The physical component summarizes answers to questions about physical status. Possible scores range from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates better health, and increases indicate improvement.

Measure: Change From Baseline on Physical Component Score of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The Survey is a brief, comprehensive health status measure used in studies of people with HIV/AIDS. Participants rate their health and mental/emotional condition, how much their health limits physical activities (eating, dressing, bathing, climbing stairs, walking one block, etc.) and social activities (visiting with friends or relatives, etc.), and other questions that measure quality of life. The mental component summarizes answers to questions about emotional and mental wellbeing. Possible scores range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicates better health, and increases indicate improvement.

Measure: Change From Baseline on Mental Component of Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The Effectiveness Scale of the TSQM evaluates the participant's satisfaction or dissatisfaction (1=extremely dissatisfied to 7=extremely satisfied) with the ability of the medication to prevent or treat the condition, the way the medication relieves symptoms, the amount of time it takes for the medication to start working, and other questions. Scores are converted to a range of 0 to 100. A higher score indicates greater satisfaction.

Measure: Score on Effectiveness Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM)

Time: Week 96

Description: The Side Effects scale of the TSQM asks if the participant experiences side effects (yes/no), and if so, how bothersome the side effects are, to what extent they interfere with physical health and ability to function (for example, strength and energy levels), to what extent they interfere with mental function (for example, ability to think clearly, stay awake, etc.), and to what extent the side effects affect the participants overall satisfaction with the medication. Scores are converted to a range of 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate less interference and/or less dissatisfaction.

Measure: Score on Side Effects Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication

Time: Week 96

Description: The Global Satisfaction scale of the TSQM evaluates the participants rating of whether the good things about the medication outweigh the bad things (1=not at all certain to 5=extremely certain) and how satisfied or dissatisfied the participant is with the medication (1=extremely dissatisfied to 7=extremely satisfied). Scores are converted to a range of 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.

Measure: Score on Global Satisfaction Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication

Time: Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin (Grams/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Hematocrit fraction is the percentage (%) by volume of packed red blood cells (RBCs) in the participant's blood. It was measured using standard clinical laboratory analysis of participants' blood samples.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Hematocrit (Fraction)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Red Blood Cell Count (x 10^12/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Platelet Count (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Neutrophils (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lymphocytes (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Monocytes (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Eosinophils (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Basophils (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Alkaline Phosphatase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Creatine Phosphokinase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Creatinine (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Blood Urea Nitrogen (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Uric Acid (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Inorganic Phosphate (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Calcium (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sodium (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Potassium (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Chloride (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Bicarbonate (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Albumin (Grams/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Total Protein (Grams/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Cholesterol (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL) (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL): High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Ratio (Ratio)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Triglycerides (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Calculated Creatinine Clearance (Milliliters/Second)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Fasting Glucose (Millimoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lactate Dehydrogenase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lipase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Magnesium (Millimoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Adiponectin (Micrograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Interleukin-6 (Nanograms/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lactate (Millimoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 (Picograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-2 (Picograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Leptin (Nanograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Insulin (Picomoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Urine specific gravity is a laboratory test that measures the concentration of all chemical particles in the urine. The measurement produces a ratio of the urine density to water density.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Urine Specific Gravity

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Urine pH

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Heart Rate (Beats Per Minute)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Weight (kg)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Temperature (°F)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Chest circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Participant's chest circumference was measured at 5 cm above the xiphoid process using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Chest Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Waist circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Circumference of participant's waist was measured at the level of the navel using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Waist Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Arm circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Particpant's arm circumference was measured halfway between the acromial process on the shoulder and the tip of the elbow (olecranon process) using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Mid-Arm Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Hip circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Participant was measured at widest width of the hip using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Hips Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Mid-thigh circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Particpant's thigh circumference was measured halfway between the inguinal crease and the midpoint of the upper border of the patella using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Mid-Thigh Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Total Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Lower Extremity Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in DEXA Scan of Lower Extremity Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Lower Extremity Total Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of bone mineral content was used to evaluate potential bone effects of treatment.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Bone Mineral Content (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of bone mineral content was used to evaluate potential bone effects of treatment.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Bone Mineral Density (Grams/cm^2)

Time: Baseline to Week 96


HPO Nodes


HP:0002721: Immunodeficiency
Genes 267
WHCR EPG5 CTPS1 MBTPS2 TLR3 IL2RG ISG15 CHD1 CLCA4 JAK3 PRKCD AK2 CD40LG FOXN1 NFE2L2 ATRX TNFRSF1B SKIV2L IFNGR1 TTC37 DCLRE1C TBCE BCR ZBTB24 CD3G BSCL2 SDHD XRCC4 LAMTOR2 IKZF1 AGPAT2 CTBP1 LRRC8A RAG2 ANTXR2 SLC46A1 CHD7 TINF2 CR2 IRF7 USP8 CD3E CD3D IL12B TNFRSF13C NHEJ1 IL2RG CD79B TNFSF12 EPG5 CUL4B ICOS LAT MAGT1 IL7R TBX1 TERT UNC93B1 LCK DCLRE1C MTHFD1 HIRA NSD2 CARD9 IRF8 UROS SHANK3 PIK3CD UFD1 NHP2 MYC CD81 CD79A TNFSF12 UNC119 RAG1 LRBA NCF2 LMNB2 BUB1B SEC23B FGFRL1 LYST CDCA7 BLNK RMRP FOS TCF3 RAG1 RBCK1 NFKB2 SIN3A CTLA4 JMJD1C CD81 MEIS2 PGM3 POLE IKBKG ADA IRF8 STAT1 PARN CFTR TNFRSF13C IL21R TNFRSF13B ICOS NFKB1 LIG4 CD28 SIK3 USB1 RAG1 IKBKG ADA DNMT3B RAG2 CR2 STX1A SEC24C SDHC ADA2 BTK IL2RG NCF1 FOXN1 TNFRSF13C LAMTOR2 ACTB SP110 RTEL1 SKIV2L PIK3R1 CDC42 RTEL1 CARD11 DNMT3B SDHB CDH23 HELLS PRKDC PIK3CA TYK2 AP3D1 TRAF3 FRAS1 CORO1A SPATA5 DOCK2 AKT1 RTEL1 XIAP FCGR3A TFRC ACD COMT ACP5 LETM1 RNF168 CD19 PNP POLE CHD1 RMRP AGL STAT1 ARVCF NFKB2 SH2D1A WAS NFKB1 IL21 AK2 IL2RA CDC42 GATA1 PARN ZBTB24 SMARCAL1 STIM1 TNFRSF13B NPM1 COG6 DKC1 CYBA MALT1 MS4A1 ICOS PTEN DCTN4 TINF2 DKC1 LIG4 TBX1 CR2 PRPS1 RAG1 UNG CAV1 HYOU1 RAC2 LYST IRAK4 RAB27A TNFRSF4 TGFB1 FCN3 USF3 HBB CCDC47 IFNGR2 RREB1 IRAK4 IKBKG CD19 CAVIN1 RAG2 PPARG AICDA IKBKB CD40 PGM3 PKP1 KLLN MYD88 CPLX1 EXTL3 MMUT XIAP STAT1 ORAI1 IKBKG CD19 CD247 TBK1 CYBB PIK3R1 TICAM1 CTC1 WRAP53 GP1BB TTC7A TTC7A NOP10 RNF168 BCL10 MAPK1 WIPF1 MS4A1 IL12RB1 TERC DKC1 BCL11B XRCC4 IGHM STK4 IL7R PTPRC IGLL1 CRKL IL2RB ATM IRF2BP2 GATA2 SPATA5 TERT
SNP 0