SNPMiner Trials by Shray Alag


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Report for Mutation L33F

Developed by Shray Alag, 2020.
SNP Clinical Trial Gene

There are 19 clinical trials

Clinical Trials


1 A Randomized, Open-Label Study Assessing Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of an Induction-Maintenance Treatment Strategy Including Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine Versus Efavirenz Plus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine in Antiviral-naïve HIV-1/HCV Co-Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study is to determine whether a simplified lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy will continue to keep the viral load at very low levels after initial treatment with a combination of Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) plus tenofovir and emtricitabine.

NCT00121017 HIV Infection Hepatitis C Drug: Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) Drug: Sustiva (efavirenz) Drug: Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate)
MeSH:Hepatitis C

- The screening HIV-1 genotype resistance report suggests resistance or possible resistance to the study RTI(s) or lopinavir/ritonavir; Evidence of possible resistance to efavirenz; Presence of one of the following mutations: RT L1001, K103N, V106A or M, V108I, Y181C or I, Y188L, G190A or S, P225H, M230L; Evidence of possible resistance to emtricitabine or lamivudine; Presence of one of the following mutations: RTm184V or I; Evidence of possible resistance to tenofovir; Presence of RT K65R or insertion at codon 69, or Presence of 2 or more of the following mutations: RTm41L, D67N, K70R, L210W; any change at T215, K219Q or evidence of possible resistance to lopinavir/ritonavir; Presence of one or more of the following mutations: protease I47V or A, G48V, I50V, V82A or F or T or S, I84V, 190M or Presence of 3 or more of the following mutations: protease L10F or I or R or V, K20M or R, L24I, V32I, L33F, M36I, M46I or L, F53L; any change at I54, A71V or T, G73S. --- K103N --- --- V106A --- --- V108I --- --- Y181C --- --- Y188L --- --- G190A --- --- P225H --- --- M230L --- --- K65R --- --- D67N --- --- K70R --- --- L210W --- --- K219Q --- --- I47V --- --- G48V --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L10F --- --- K20M --- --- L24I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: The proportion of subjects with a plasma HIV-1 RNA level below 50 copies/mL at Week 96.

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Vital signs

Measure: Physical examinations

Measure: Clinical laboratory tests

2 Phase IIIb Multicenter, Single Arm, Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness and Safety of Maintenance With Atazanavir/Ritonavir as Single Enhanced Protease Inhibitor Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients Evidencing Virologic Suppression OREY (Only REYataz) Study

The main purpose is to explore whether atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/RTV) single enhanced protease inhibitor therapy can maintain virologic suppression without a marked increase in virologic failure.

NCT00337467 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infections Drug: Atazanavir + Ritonavir
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
HPO:Immunodeficiency

International Aids Society of the United States (IAS-USA)-defined major protease inhibitor (PI) substitutions are V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47V, G48V, I50L/V, I54M/L, I76V, I82A/F/T/S, I84V, N88S, and L90M. --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Treatment Failure through Week 48 defined as virologic rebound (HIV RNA >=400 c/mL) on or before Week 48 or study discontinuation before Week 48. Virological rebound is defined as confirmed on-treatment HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) >= 400 c/mL at 2 consecutive visits or last on-treatment HIV RNA >=400 c/mL followed by discontinuation of study therapy.

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Treatment Failure Through Week 48

Time: Week 48

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Treatment Failure through Week 96 defined as virologic rebound (HIV RNA >=400 c/mL) on or before Week 96 or study discontinuation before Week 96. In addition, treatment failure defined based on HIV RNA >= 50 c/mL, latter analysis performed on treated subjects with baseline HIV RNA < 50 c/mL.

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Treatment Failure Through Week 96

Time: Week 96

Description: Virological rebound is defined as confirmed on-treatment HIV RNA >= 400 c/mL at 2 consecutive visits or last on-treatment HIV RNA >=400 c/mL followed by discontinuation of study therapy. In addition, virologic rebound defined based on HIV RNA >=50 c/m, latter analysis performed on subjects with baseline HIV RNA < 50 c/mL.

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Virological Rebound Through Week 48

Time: Week 48

Description: Virological rebound is defined as confirmed on-treatment HIV RNA >= 400 c/mL at 2 consecutive visits or last on-treatment HIV RNA >=400 c/mL followed by discontinuation of study therapy. In addition, virologic rebound defined based on HIV RNA >=50 c/m, latter analysis performed on subjects with baseline HIV RNA < 50 c/mL.

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Virological Rebound Through Week 96

Time: Week 96

Description: This Kaplan-Meier life table reports the cumulative proportion of participants without treatment failure up to the end of the respective time interval. Failure time is measured from the start of study therapy, and is based on the earliest event defining failure (virologic rebound at or before Week 96, or discontinuation prior to Week 96).

Measure: Cumulative Proportion of Participants Without Treatment Failure Through Week 100

Time: Through Week 100

Description: Virologic rebound is defined as confirmed on-study HIV RNA ≥ 400 c/mL or last on-study HIV RNA ≥ 400 c/mL followed by treatment discontinuation.

Measure: Proportion of Participants With Virologic Rebound Through Week 96

Time: Through Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) Cell Count at Week 24

Time: Baseline, Week 24

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 48

Time: Baseline, Week 48

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in CD4 Cell Count at Week 96

Time: Baseline, Week 96

Description: AE=any new untoward medical occurrence or worsening of a pre-existing medical condition that does not necessarily have a causal relationship to treatment. SAE=any untoward medical occurrence that results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or causes prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, is a congenital anomaly/birth defect, or is an important medical event. AE grades are: mild (1), moderate (2), severe (3), life-threatening (4), and death (5).

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs), Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), Deaths, and Discontinuations Due to AEs

Time: From Baseline through Week 96

Description: Lipid values after starting lipid-reducing agents are excluded from analyses. Baseline values are provided in Baseline Characteristics.

Measure: Mean Percent Changes From Baseline in Fasting Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol, Non-HDL Cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol, and Triglycerides at Week 48

Time: Baseline, Week 48

Description: Lipid values after starting lipid-reducing agents are excluded from analyses. Baseline values are provided in Baseline Characteristics.

Measure: Mean Percent Changes From Baseline in Fasting Total Cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol, Non-HDL Cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Cholesterol, and Triglycerides at Week 96

Time: Baseline, Week 96

Description: International Aids Society of the United States (IAS-USA)-defined major protease inhibitor (PI) substitutions are V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47V, G48V, I50L/V, I54M/L, I76V, I82A/F/T/S, I84V, N88S, and L90M. Reverse Transcriptase (RT) are TAMS and M184V.

Measure: Number of Participants With Genotype Substitutions for Virologic Rebounds (HIV-RNA ≥ 400 c/mL) Through Week 48

Time: Week 48

Description: International Aids Society of the United States (IAS-USA)-defined major protease inhibitor (PI) substitutions are V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47V, G48V, I50L/V, I54M/L, I76V, I82A/F/T/S, I84V, N88S, and L90M. Reverse Transcriptase (RT) are TAMS and M184V.

Measure: Number of Participants With Genotype Substitutions for Virologic Rebounds (HIV-RNA ≥ 400 c/mL) Through Week 96

Time: Week 96

3 A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r) Tablets 800/200 Milligram (mg) Once-Daily (QD) Versus 400/100 mg Twice-Daily (BID) When Coadministered With Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) in Antiretroviral-Experienced, Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study was to compare the safety, tolerability, and antiviral activity of once-daily (QD) and twice-daily (BID) dosing of the lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet formulation in combination with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in antiretroviral-experienced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected subjects with detectable viral load while receiving their current antiretroviral therapy.

NCT00358917 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections Drug: lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) Drug: lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) tablet with nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
HPO:Immunodeficiency

Virologic Response (HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/mL) at Week 48 for Participants With 0-2 Protease Inhibitor Substitutions at Baseline Associated With Reduced Response to Lopinavir/Ritonavir. Substitutions considered in the analysis were L10F/I/R/V, K20M/N/R, L24I, L33F, M36I, I47V, G48V, I54L/T/V, V82A/C/F/S/T, and I84V as defined in the proposed United States Package Insert.. Percentage of Participants With New Primary Protease Mutations at Week 48. --- L10F --- --- K20M --- --- L24I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: A participant was classified as a responder at the first of 2 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) ribonucleic acid (RNA) levels <50 copies/mL. The participant continued to be a responder until 2 consecutive values >=50 copies/mL were reached, until the final value if that value was >=50 copies/mL, or until discontinuation or death.

Measure: Percentage of Participants Responding at Week 48 Based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Levels < 50 Copies/Milliliter (mL) at Week 48

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline to Week 48 in Cluster of Differentiation 4 Single-Positive Thymocyte (CD4+ T) Cell Counts

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Description: Substitutions considered in the analysis were L10F/I/R/V, K20M/N/R, L24I, L33F, M36I, I47V, G48V, I54L/T/V, V82A/C/F/S/T, and I84V as defined in the proposed United States Package Insert.

Measure: Virologic Response (HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/mL) at Week 48 for Participants With 0-2 Protease Inhibitor Substitutions at Baseline Associated With Reduced Response to Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

Description: Emergence of new primary protease inhibitor mutations (i.e., mutations at codons 30, 32, 48, 50, 82, 84, and 90 that were not present at baseline).

Measure: Percentage of Participants With New Primary Protease Mutations at Week 48

Time: Week 48 (End of Study)

4 Prevention of HIV1 Mother to Child Transmission Without Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the Pre-partum Phase. A Multicenter Randomised Phase II/III Open Label Study With a Group of 100 Pregnant Women Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir and a Group of 50 Receiving Lopinavir/Ritonavir Plus Zidovudine and Lamivudine. ANRS 135 Primeva

In the pre-partum phase the use of antiretroviral therapy for the mother during the last trimester of pregnancy is mandatory. The use of HAART during pregnancy, usually two nucleosides analogues and a protease inhibitor exposes the mother and the child to cumulate toxicities related to both families. The aim of this study is to assess the use of a boosted protease inhibitor without nucleoside analogue during the pre-partum phase for women with no indication of antiretroviral therapy for their own.

NCT00424814 HIV Infections Drug: Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) Drug: Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir) + Combivir (zidovudine/lamivudine)
MeSH:HIV Infections

Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) HIV Infections HIV Infections Recent data from the French perinatal cohort and others indicate that HIV-RNA levels at delivery correlate with risk of transmission among women treated with antiretroviral agents. --- V32I --- --- I47A --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L24I --- --- L33F ---

Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) Inclusion Criteria: Assessed between 20 and 24 months of pregnancy - Pregnancy known before 24 weeks of gestation - Documented HIV-1 infection without indication for ARV therapy - CD4 count above or equal to 350 per mm3 - VL under 30 000 copies per ml - Naïve for PI (except treatment during previous pregnancy) - Informed consent signed Exclusion Criteria: - HIV2 infection or HIV1 group O infection - Any pathology related to pregnancy - Contra-indication to study drugs - Unstable hypertension or diabetes - Known risk of premature delivery - In case of previous treatment with a protease inhibitor : presence of resistance mutations on the HIV-1 protease gene by genotyping analysis (1 mutation among V32I et I47A, I50V V82A/F/S/T, I84V, L90 M or more than 3 mutations among L10 F/I/R/V, K20/M/R, L24I, L33F, M46I/L, F53L, I54M/L/T/V, L63P, A71L/V/T,) HIV Infections HIV Infections Recent data from the French perinatal cohort and others indicate that HIV-RNA levels at delivery correlate with risk of transmission among women treated with antiretroviral agents. --- V32I --- --- I47A --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L24I --- --- L33F --- --- M46I --- --- F53L --- --- I54M --- --- L63P --- --- A71L --- --- V32I --- --- I47A --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L24I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of mother with plasma HIV1 below 200 copies per ml after 8 weeks of treatment

Time: W8

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of women maintained with monotherapy until delivery,

Time: delivery

Measure: Proportion of women with a VL below 50 copies per ml at delivery

Time: delivery

Measure: Proportion of women harbouring resistant HIV strains four weeks after delivery

Time: W4 post partum

Measure: Concentrations of studied drug in plasma and in cord-blood

Time: at delivery

Measure: HIV-1 detection and concentrations of studied drug in vaginal secretion before and after treatment

Time: W0, W8 of treatment

Measure: concentrations of studied drugs in the new born gastric fluid, HIV diagnostic in infant (criteria for stopping the trial at second infection)

Time: birth

5 Prospective Clinical Trial to Assess Safety and Efficacy of DRV/r(TMC 114/r), ETV(TMC 125) and MK-0518 in Addition to OBT in HIV-1 Infected Patients With Limited to No Treatment Options ANRS 139 TRIO

The purpose of this study is to look at the safety and efficacy of a combination of 3 new antiretroviral drugs: darunavir, etravirine and MK-0518 (raltegravir) in patients who have multi-resistant viruses and limited treatment options. An optimized background regimen that may include nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and enfuvirtide can be added, if possible, to this combination. Patients will undergo treatment for 48 weeks and virological efficacy will be evaluated at week 24.

NCT00460382 HIV Infections Drug: raltegravir potassium Drug: darunavir/ritonavir Drug: etravirine Drug: Optimized background regimen
MeSH:HIV Infections

- Genotypic resistance testing at the screening visit: - Protease inhibitor mutations: over or equal to 3 primary protease inhibitor mutations among: D30N, V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47A/V, G48V, I50L/V, I54M, L76V, V82A/F/L/T/S, I84V, N88S and L90M (IAS list 2006) but below or equal to 3 mutations among the following: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L/M, G73S, L76V, I84V et L89V (virus sensitivity to darunavir/ritonavir). - Reverse transcriptase mutations: over or equal to 3 NRTI mutations (among IAS list) and below or equal to 3 mutations among: A98G, L100I, K101Q/P/E, K103H/N/S/T, V106A/M, V108I, E138G/K/Q, V179D/E/F/G/I, Y181C/I/V/C/H/L, Y188C/H/L, G190A/C/E/Q/S, P225H, F227C/L, M230I/L, P236L, K238N/T and Y318F (virus sensitivity to etravirine) Exclusion Criteria: - Non effective barrier contraception in women of child bearing potential - Pregnant women or women who are breastfeeding - Opportunistic infection at the acute phase - Decompensated cirrhosis (stage B or C of Child-Pugh score) - Malignancy requiring chemotherapy or radiotherapy - Contraindicated medications being taken by the patient (listed in protocol) - Allergy to the active substances and expedients of darunavir, etravirine and raltegravir. --- D30N --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

- Genotypic resistance testing at the screening visit: - Protease inhibitor mutations: over or equal to 3 primary protease inhibitor mutations among: D30N, V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47A/V, G48V, I50L/V, I54M, L76V, V82A/F/L/T/S, I84V, N88S and L90M (IAS list 2006) but below or equal to 3 mutations among the following: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L/M, G73S, L76V, I84V et L89V (virus sensitivity to darunavir/ritonavir). - Reverse transcriptase mutations: over or equal to 3 NRTI mutations (among IAS list) and below or equal to 3 mutations among: A98G, L100I, K101Q/P/E, K103H/N/S/T, V106A/M, V108I, E138G/K/Q, V179D/E/F/G/I, Y181C/I/V/C/H/L, Y188C/H/L, G190A/C/E/Q/S, P225H, F227C/L, M230I/L, P236L, K238N/T and Y318F (virus sensitivity to etravirine) Exclusion Criteria: - Non effective barrier contraception in women of child bearing potential - Pregnant women or women who are breastfeeding - Opportunistic infection at the acute phase - Decompensated cirrhosis (stage B or C of Child-Pugh score) - Malignancy requiring chemotherapy or radiotherapy - Contraindicated medications being taken by the patient (listed in protocol) - Allergy to the active substances and expedients of darunavir, etravirine and raltegravir. --- D30N --- --- V32I --- --- L33F --- --- M46I --- --- I47A --- --- G48V --- --- I50L --- --- I54M --- --- L76V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- N88S --- --- L90M --- --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of patients with HIV RNA levels of less than 50 copies/ml in an intent to treat analysis at week 24

Time: week 24

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Proportions of patients with HIV RNA levels of less than 50 copies/ml at week 48, with HIV RNA levels of less than 400 copies/ml at weeks 24 and 48

Time: week 24 and 48

Measure: HIV RNA level evolution between baseline and week 48

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: HIV proviral DNA and 2LTR circle HIV DNA between baseline and week 48

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: Number and type of resistance mutations in case of virologic failure occurrence

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: CD4 lymphocyte count and proportion evolution between baseline and week 48

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: HIV infection progression

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: Frequency of the study regimen modifications and interruption

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: Study regimen tolerance

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: Study regimen adherence

Time: from week 0 to 48

Measure: Association between study drugs' minimum concentrations at week 4 and week 12 and virologic success at week 24

Time: from week 4 to 24

Measure: Evolution of pharmacokinetics parameters of study drugs in the PK substudy

Time: betwwen week 1 and 4

6 Open Label Phase 3b, 48 wk Pilot Study of the Antiviral Efficacy and Tolerability of Combination of PREZISTA/r and TMC125 When Substituted for Enfuvirtide, Current Protease Inhibitor(s) and NNRTI(s) in Antiretroviral Resistant Patients With Viral Suppression But Who Are Intolerant of Enfuvirtide.

The purpose of this study is to examine the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of darunavir/ritonavir combined with TMC125 when current protease inhibitor(s), Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI(s)) and enfuvirtide are replaced by darunavir/ritonavir and TMC125 in HIV positive patients who can no longer tolerate enfuvirtide and are experiencing viral suppression. Other antiviral drugs in the regimen are to remain unchanged.

NCT00460746 HIV Drug: TMC125, Darunavir; Ritonavir

Exclusion Criteria: - No use of any drug contraindicated in the current US package insert for PREZISTA (darunavir) or in the investigators brochure for TMC125 - No prior or current therapy with PREZISTA (darunavir) or TMC125 - No prior genotypic results demonstrating 3 or more darunavir resistance-associated mutations associated with diminished response to darunavir (V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L, I54M, G73S, L76V, I84V or L89V). --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of Patients Who Maintain Plasma HIV Viral Load Measurements < 400 Copies/ml at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 Weeks After Switching to DRV/r and ETR, Missing Equals Failure.

Time: 48 weeks

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of Patients Who Have Viral Load Measurements <50 Copies/ml at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 Weeks After Switching to DRV/r and ETR, Missing Equals Failure.

Time: 48 weeks

Measure: CD4+ Cell Count (x 10^6 Cell/L): Baseline and Median Changes From Baseline at 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 Weeks.

Time: Week 48

Measure: CD4+ Cell Count (x 10^6 Cell/L): Baseline and Mean Changes From Baseline at 4, 8, 12, 16, 24,36 and 48 Weeks.

Time: Week 48

Measure: Median Change From Baseline in Triglycerides at Week 48.

Time: Week 48

Measure: Median Change From Baseline in Total Cholesterol at Week 48.

Time: Week 48

Measure: Median Change From Baseline in LDL Cholesterol at Week 48.

Time: Week 48

Measure: Median Change From Baseline in HDL Cholesterol.

Time: Week 48

Measure: Median Change From Baseline in Total Cholesterol (TC) / High Denisty Lipoprotein (HDL) Ratio at Week 48.

Time: Week 48

Measure: Median Change From Baseline in Glucose at Week 48.

Time: Week 48

7 Phase 2 Dose-escalating, P-C, D-B, Parallel Group Study in HIV Treatment-experienced Patients to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of PA103001-04 Administered as Functional Monotherapy for 14 Days *(PART B)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate antiretroviral activity of up to five different oral doses administered for two weeks of bevirimat versus placebo in HIV treatment experienced patients, who have documented genotypic resistance to at least one major mutation from the IAS-USA list (2007)of resistance mutations for NRTIs, NNRTIs, or PIs. Patients will also be monitored for side effects, and the pharmacokinetics of bevirimat will be determined.

NCT00511368 HIV Infections Drug: matching placebo Drug: Bevirimat
MeSH:HIV Infections

- Have documented evidence of genotypic resistance in their medical records (at screening) or have resistance at screening by genotype to any major mutation from the IAS-USA list of resistance drug mutations, defined as: NRTI resistance: M41L, K65R, D67N, K70R, K70E, L74V, Y115F, M184V, M184V/I, L210W, T215Y/F, K219Q/E; NNRTI resistance: L100I, K103N, V106M, V106A/M, V108I, Y181C, Y181C/I, Y188L, Y188C/L/H, G190S/A, G190A, P225H; Major PI resistance: D30N, V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47V/A, G48V, I50L, I50V, I54M/L, L76V, V82A/F/T, V82A/F/T/S, V82L/T, I84V, N88S, L90M - Be receiving an antiretroviral therapy regimen containing at least 3 drugs (regimens containing ritonavir must not exceed a total daily dose of 400 mg) which has been unchanged for at least 8 weeks prior to initial screening. --- M41L --- --- K65R --- --- D67N --- --- K70R --- --- K70E --- --- L74V --- --- Y115F --- --- M184V --- --- M184V --- --- L210W --- --- T215Y --- --- K219Q --- --- L100I --- --- K103N --- --- V106M --- --- V106A --- --- V108I --- --- Y181C --- --- Y181C --- --- Y188L --- --- Y188C --- --- G190S --- --- G190A --- --- P225H --- --- D30N --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: HIV-1 RNA change from baseline over the first 14 days of study

Time: 14 days

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: safety and tolerability; pharmacokinetics

Time: 14 days

8 A Randomized, Open-label Study of Lopinavir/Ritonavir 400/100 mg Tablet Twice Daily + Co-formulated Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate 200/300 mg Once Daily Versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir 400/100 mg Tablet Twice Daily + Raltegravir 400 mg Twice Daily in Antiretroviral Naive, HIV-1 Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study is to compare the safety, tolerability, and antiviral activity of the lopinavir/ritonavir tablet when administered in combination with reverse transcriptase inhibitors to lopinavir/ritonavir tablets when administered in combination with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) integrase inhibitor in antiretroviral naive HIV-1 infected subjects.

NCT00711009 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Drug: lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) Drug: emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) Drug: raltegravir (RAL)
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrom Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Virus Diseases
HPO:Immunodeficiency

Evidence of lopinavir resistance was more conservatively defined as the presence of 1 or more of these mutations: protease I47V or A, G48V, I50V, V82A or F or T or S, I84V, L90M; or presence of at least 3 or more of these mutations: protease L10F or I or R or V, K20M or R, L24I, V32I, L33F, M36I, M46I or L, F53L, any change to I54, A71V or T, and G73S.. Change From Baseline on Physical Component Score of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey. --- I47V --- --- G48V --- --- I50V --- --- V82A --- --- I84V --- --- L90M --- --- L10F --- --- K20M --- --- L24I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: A participant was classified as a responder at the first of 2 consecutive visits with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL. The participant continued to be a responder until one of the following: the participant had 2 consecutive values greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the final measurement, if the final measurement was the first one documenting an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA level to greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the participant discontinued participation in the study or died.

Measure: Percentage of Participants Responding (Plasma HIV-1 Ribonucleic Acid [RNA] Levels Less Than 40 Copies/Milliliter [mL]) at Week 48 Based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm

Time: Baseline to Week 48

Description: Treatment-emergent adverse events were defined as those occurring after study drug initiation and within 30 days after the last dose of study drug. Treatment-emergent, moderate or severe drug-related adverse events that occurred in at least 2% of participants in either treatment arm are presented.

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Moderate or Severe Treatment-emergent, Drug-related Adverse Events

Time: Week 96

Description: Potentially clinically significant laboratory values that occurred in at least 2% of participants in either treatment arm are presented.

Measure: Primary Outcome: Percentage of Participants With Potentially Clinically Significant Laboratory Values

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Secondary Outcomes

Description: A participant was classified as a responder at the first of 2 consecutive visits with plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL. The participant continued to be a responder until one of the following: 1) the participant had 2 consecutive values greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the final measurement, if the final measurement was the first one documenting an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA level to greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL; the participant discontinued participation in the study or died.

Measure: Percentage of Participants Responding (Plasma HIV-1 RNA Levels Below 40 Copies/Milliliter [mL]) at Each Visit Based on the FDA Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change in CD4+ T-Cell Counts From Baseline to Each Visit

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Time of loss of virologic response was defined as the first of the following: first of 2 consecutive visits with plasma HIV-1 RNA greater than or equal to 40 copies/milliliter (mL), if the participant previously demonstrated 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL; Study Day 1, if the subject never achieved 2 consecutive plasma HIV-1 RNA levels below 40 copies/mL; the day of the final measurement, if the final measurement was the first one documenting an increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA level to greater than or equal to 40 copies/mL.

Measure: Time to Loss of Virologic Response - Percentage of Participants Still Categorized as Responders at Day 672

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Resistance to study drugs was defined as described by the International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Panel. All participants had an HIV-1 drug resistance genotype (lopinavir/ritonavir, tenofovir, or emtricitabine) obtained at the Screening Visit. Beginning at Week 8, if participant's plasma HIV-1 RNA was greater than or equal to 40 copies/milliliter (mL) and was below 40 copies/mL at the previous visit, additional procedures were undertaken to determine if resistance to study drug occurred.

Measure: Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance to Each Drug in the Study Regimen, as Defined by the International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Panel.

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Beginning at Week 8, if participant's plasma HIV-1 RNA was greater than/equal to 40 copies/milliliter (mL) and was below 40 copies/mL at the previous visit, additional procedures were undertaken to determine if resistance occurred. Evidence of lopinavir resistance was more conservatively defined as the presence of 1 or more of these mutations: protease I47V or A, G48V, I50V, V82A or F or T or S, I84V, L90M; or presence of at least 3 or more of these mutations: protease L10F or I or R or V, K20M or R, L24I, V32I, L33F, M36I, M46I or L, F53L, any change to I54, A71V or T, and G73S.

Measure: Number of Participants Who Developed Resistance, Defined Conservatively, to Lopinavir

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The Survey is a brief, comprehensive health status measure used in studies of people with HIV/AIDS. Participants rate their health and mental/emotional condition, how much their health limits physical activities (eating, dressing, bathing, climbing stairs, walking one block, etc.) and social activities (for example, visiting with friends or relatives), and other questions that measure quality of life. The physical component summarizes answers to questions about physical status. Possible scores range from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates better health, and increases indicate improvement.

Measure: Change From Baseline on Physical Component Score of the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The Survey is a brief, comprehensive health status measure used in studies of people with HIV/AIDS. Participants rate their health and mental/emotional condition, how much their health limits physical activities (eating, dressing, bathing, climbing stairs, walking one block, etc.) and social activities (visiting with friends or relatives, etc.), and other questions that measure quality of life. The mental component summarizes answers to questions about emotional and mental wellbeing. Possible scores range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicates better health, and increases indicate improvement.

Measure: Change From Baseline on Mental Component of Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The Effectiveness Scale of the TSQM evaluates the participant's satisfaction or dissatisfaction (1=extremely dissatisfied to 7=extremely satisfied) with the ability of the medication to prevent or treat the condition, the way the medication relieves symptoms, the amount of time it takes for the medication to start working, and other questions. Scores are converted to a range of 0 to 100. A higher score indicates greater satisfaction.

Measure: Score on Effectiveness Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM)

Time: Week 96

Description: The Side Effects scale of the TSQM asks if the participant experiences side effects (yes/no), and if so, how bothersome the side effects are, to what extent they interfere with physical health and ability to function (for example, strength and energy levels), to what extent they interfere with mental function (for example, ability to think clearly, stay awake, etc.), and to what extent the side effects affect the participants overall satisfaction with the medication. Scores are converted to a range of 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate less interference and/or less dissatisfaction.

Measure: Score on Side Effects Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication

Time: Week 96

Description: The Global Satisfaction scale of the TSQM evaluates the participants rating of whether the good things about the medication outweigh the bad things (1=not at all certain to 5=extremely certain) and how satisfied or dissatisfied the participant is with the medication (1=extremely dissatisfied to 7=extremely satisfied). Scores are converted to a range of 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.

Measure: Score on Global Satisfaction Scale of Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication

Time: Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Hemoglobin (Grams/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Hematocrit fraction is the percentage (%) by volume of packed red blood cells (RBCs) in the participant's blood. It was measured using standard clinical laboratory analysis of participants' blood samples.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Hematocrit (Fraction)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Red Blood Cell Count (x 10^12/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Platelet Count (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in White Blood Cell Count (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Neutrophils (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lymphocytes (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Monocytes (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Eosinophils (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Basophils (x 10^9/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Alanine Aminotransferase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Aspartate Aminotransferase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Alkaline Phosphatase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Creatine Phosphokinase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Total Bilirubin (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Creatinine (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Blood Urea Nitrogen (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Uric Acid (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Inorganic Phosphate (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Calcium (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sodium (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Potassium (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Chloride (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Bicarbonate (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Albumin (Grams/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Total Protein (Grams/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Cholesterol (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL) (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL): High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Ratio (Ratio)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Triglycerides (Micromoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Calculated Creatinine Clearance (Milliliters/Second)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Fasting Glucose (Millimoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lactate Dehydrogenase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lipase (Units/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Magnesium (Millimoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Adiponectin (Micrograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Interleukin-6 (Nanograms/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Lactate (Millimoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 (Picograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-2 (Picograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Leptin (Nanograms/Milliliter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Included in measures of metabolic toxicity

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Insulin (Picomoles/Liter)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Urine specific gravity is a laboratory test that measures the concentration of all chemical particles in the urine. The measurement produces a ratio of the urine density to water density.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Urine Specific Gravity

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Urine pH

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Sitting Heart Rate (Beats Per Minute)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Weight (kg)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Temperature (°F)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Chest circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Participant's chest circumference was measured at 5 cm above the xiphoid process using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Chest Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Waist circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Circumference of participant's waist was measured at the level of the navel using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Waist Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Arm circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Particpant's arm circumference was measured halfway between the acromial process on the shoulder and the tip of the elbow (olecranon process) using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Mid-Arm Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Hip circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Participant was measured at widest width of the hip using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Hips Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: Mid-thigh circumference is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen. Particpant's thigh circumference was measured halfway between the inguinal crease and the midpoint of the upper border of the patella using non-stretchable measuring tape with half centimeter marks.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Mid-Thigh Measurement (cm)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Upper Extremity Total Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Lower Extremity Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in DEXA Scan of Lower Extremity Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Lower Extremity Total Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Trunk Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Fat (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Lean Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan is included in the measures of somatic toxicity, which is characterized by loss of fat in the face, arms, and legs, and increase in fat in the base of the back of the neck and in the abdomen.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Total Body Mass (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of bone mineral content was used to evaluate potential bone effects of treatment.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Bone Mineral Content (Grams)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

Description: The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan of bone mineral content was used to evaluate potential bone effects of treatment.

Measure: Mean Change From Baseline in Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) Scan of Bone Mineral Density (Grams/cm^2)

Time: Baseline to Week 96

9 A Pilot Efficacy and Safety Trial of Raltegravir Plus Darunavir/Ritonavir for Treatment-Naive HIV-1-Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen consisting of raltegravir (RAL) and darunavir (DRV)/ritonavir (RTV) as first-line therapy in treatment-naïve participants.

NCT00830804 HIV-1 Infections Drug: Raltegravir Drug: Darunavir/Ritonavir

- Screening HIV genotype obtained any time prior to study entry with more than one DRV resistance-associated mutation [RAM] (V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L, I54M, T74P, I84V, and L89V) or L76V alone - Known major integrase inhibitor RAM(s), including N155H, Q148H/R/K, Y143C/R, and G140S - Severe renal insufficiency requiring hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis - Treatment with immunomodulators within 30 days prior to study entry. --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Virologic failure is defined as: at week 12, confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA >= 1000 copies/ml or confirmed rebound from the week 4 value by >0.5 log10 copies/ml (for subjects with week 4 value <= 50 copies/ml, confirmed rebound to >50 copies/ml); at week 24 or later, confirmed value > 50 copies/ml. Viral load confirmation was scheduled 7-35 days after initial virologic failure. The proportion was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. An adaptation of Greenwood's variance estimate was used in constructing the confidence interval.

Measure: Proportion of Participants With Virologic Failure After Initiating RAL Plus DRV/RTV at or Prior to Week 24

Time: From start of study treatment to week 24

Secondary Outcomes

Description: The proportion of participants with virologic failure (see primary outcome measure for definition) and/or premature treatment discontinuation/modification and/or death was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. An adaptation of Greenwood's variance estimate was used in constructing the confidence interval.

Measure: Proportion of Participants With Virologic Failure or Off Study Treatment Regimen or Death at or Prior to Week 24

Time: From start of study treatment to Week 24

Description: Results report the week 1 change from baseline (week 1 - baseline) in HIV-1 RNA. Baseline HIV-1 RNA was computed as the mean of the log10 HIV-1 RNA values at pre-entry and study entry.

Measure: Change in Plasma HIV-1 RNA From Baseline to Week 1

Time: Baseline and week 1

Description: Results report the percentage of participants with plasma HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/ml or <200 copies/ml at week 24.

Measure: Proportion of Participants With Plasma HIV-1 RNA < 50 Copies/ml or <200 Copies/ml at Week 24

Time: From start of study treatment to week 24

Description: Results report the percentage of participants with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml or <200 copies/ml at week 48.

Measure: Proportion of Participants With Plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 Copies/ml or <200 Copies/ml at Week 48

Time: From start of study treatment to week 48

Description: Signs, symptoms and laboratory values were graded according to the Division of AIDS Adverse Event Grading System. Results report the percentage of participants who had grade 3 or higher events, or events of any grade which led to a permanent change or discontinuation of study treatment, which occurred any time from start of treatment to end of treatment.

Measure: Proportion of Participants Who Experienced Signs/Symptoms or Laboratory Toxicities Grade 3 or Higher, or of Any Grade Which Led to a Permanent Change or Discontinuation of Study Treatment

Time: From start of study treatment to week 52

Description: Results report the number of participants who had resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors (NNRTI), nucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors (NRTI) and protease inbitors (PI) based on genotypic resistance testing done prior to participant's entry into the study. Participants are classified into one (and only one category) based on the maximum number of drug class resistance seen for the participant.

Measure: Number of Participants With Pretreatment Drug Resistance

Time: At screening

Description: Results report the number of participants who had integrase resistance mutation(s) detected at the time of virologic failure.

Measure: Number of Participants With Integrase Drug Resistance at Virologic Failure

Time: From 12 weeks after starting study treatment to week 52

Description: Results report the number of participants who had protease resistance mutation(s) detected at the time of virologic failure.

Measure: Number of Participants With Protease Drug Resistance at Virologic Failure

Time: From 12 weeks after starting study treatment to week 52

Description: At each study visit, adherence was measured in terms of the number of missed doses each participant had over a 4-day recall for each drug. Adherence for all study visit weeks were combined for an overall measure of adherence. Participants who had zero missed doses on all weeks in all drugs while on study were classified as having an overall "perfect" adherence.

Measure: Number of Participants With Perfect Overall Adherence by Self Report

Time: From one week after starting study treatment to week 52

Description: Results report the week 24 change from week 0 (week 24 - week 0) fasting total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride.

Measure: Changes in Fasting Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein and Triglyceride at Week 24

Time: From start of study treatment through week 24

Description: Results report the week 24 change from week 0 (week 24 - week 0) fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL). For participants whose calculated fasting LDL and direct fasting LDL were both reported, only the calculated fasting LDL was used. Direct fasting LDL was reported when the participant had high fasting triglyceride.

Measure: Change in Fasting Low-density Lipoprotein at Week 24

Time: From start of study treatment through week 24

Description: Results report the week 48 change from week 0 (week 48 - week 0) fasting total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and triglyceride.

Measure: Changes in Fasting Total Cholesterol, High-density Lipoprotein and Triglyceride at Week 48

Time: From start of study treatment through week 48

Description: Results report the week 48 change from week 0 (week 48 - week 0) fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL). For participants whose calculated fasting LDL and direct fasting LDL were both reported, only the calculated fasting LDL was used. Direct fasting LDL was reported when the participant had high fasting triglyceride.

Measure: Change in Fasting Low-density Lipoprotein at Week 48

Time: From start of study treatment through week 48

Description: Results report the week 48 change from baseline (week 48 - baseline) in CD4 count. Baseline CD4 count was computed as the mean of CD4 count values at pre-entry and study entry.

Measure: Change in CD4 Count at Week 48

Time: From start of study treatment through week 48

Description: Plasma trough concentrations (ng/ml) of Raltegravir (RAL) below the detection limit (10 ng/ml) were replaced by half the corresponding lower limit of quantitation. Geometric mean of trough concentrations obtained within the prescribed trough time (within 9-15 hours after the last RAL dose) was computed for each participant. For participants who experienced virologic failure (see primary outcome measure definition), only those concentrations on or before virologic failure confirmation were used in the geometric mean computation.

Measure: Plasma Trough Concentration of Raltegravir

Time: From start of study treatment to week 52

Description: Plasma trough concentrations (ng/ml) of Darunavir (DRV) below the detection limit (50 ng/ml) were replaced by half the corresponding lower limit of quantitation. Geometric mean of trough concentrations obtained within the prescribed trough time (within 20-28 hours after the last DRV dose) was computed for each participant. For participants who experienced virologic failure (see primary outcome measure definition), only those concentrations on or before virologic failure confirmation were used in the geometric mean computation.

Measure: Plasma Trough Concentration of Darunavir

Time: From start of study treatment to week 52

10 Maraviroc Plus Darunavir/Ritonavir Study for Treatment-Naïve Patients Infected With R5-tropic HIV-1 Based on Enhanced Sensitivity Trofile

The objective of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel combination antiretroviral therapy regimen consisting of maraviroc plus darunavir/ritonavir in treatment-naive patients infected with R5-tropic HIV-1. The hypothesis is that in treatment-naive subjects infected with R5-tropic HIV-1, combination antiretroviral therapy with maraviroc plus darunavir/ritonavir is well tolerated and efficacious.

NCT00993148 HIV-1 Infection HIV Infections Drug: maraviroc Drug: darunavir Drug: ritonavir
MeSH:Infection Communicable Diseases

- Men and women age >=18 years - Ability and willingness of subject or legal guardian/representative to provide informed consent Exclusion Criteria: - Serious illness requiring systemic treatment and/or hospitalization until candidate either completes therapy or is clinically stable on therapy, in the opinion of the site investigator, for at least 7 days prior to study entry - Screening HIV genotype obtained any time prior to study entry with any DRV RAM (V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L, I54M, T74P, L76V, I84V, and L89V) - Treatment within 30 days prior to study entry with immune modulators such as systemic steroids, interleukins, interferons, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), erythropoietin, or any investigational therapy. --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Percentage of participants with confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA > 50 copies/mL

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Plasma HIV-1 RNA >50

Time: 24 weeks

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Percentage of participants with virologic failure (confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA > 50 copies/mL) or off study treatment regimen (composite end point)

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Virologic Failure or Off Study Treatment Regimen

Time: 24 weeks

Description: Percentage of participants with confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >50 copies/mL

Measure: Percentage of Participants With Plasma HIV-1 RNA >50 Copies/mL

Time: 48 weeks

Description: Signs/symptoms or laboratory toxicities of Grade 3 or higher, or of any grade which led to a permanent change or discontinuation of study treatment regimen

Measure: Signs/Symptoms or Laboratory Toxicities of Grade 3 or Higher

Time: 96 weeks

Measure: Drug Resistance Mutations and Co-receptor Tropism Assessed by Trofile ES

Time: At study entry and at the time of virologic failure

Description: Drug adherence, assessed as number of participants with missed doses over four-day recall

Measure: Drug Adherence, Number of Participants With Missed Doses

Time: Week 24

Description: Average trough concentration (Ctrough) of maraviroc

Measure: Trough Concentrations (Ctrough) of Maraviroc

Time: 24 hours

Description: Median changes from baseline in peripheral CD4+ T-cell count

Measure: Median CD4 Count Change From Baseline

Time: 96 weeks

Description: Proportion of participants with confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA level >50 copies/mL

Measure: Proportion of Participants With Plasma HIV-1 RNA >50 Copies/mL

Time: 96 weeks

11 A Multicenter, Single Arm, Open-Label Study of the Once Daily Combination of Etravirine and Darunavir/Ritonavir As Dual Therapy in Early Treatment-Experienced Patients

This study is a Phase II single arm, open-label, multicenter, study of 50 human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infected adult patients, all of whom will receive etravirine (ETR) 400mg and DRV/r 800/100mg each given orally once daily. This trial is designed to evaluate the efficacy of the aforementioned ARV regimen, as measured by the percentage of patients with HIV RNA <50 copies/mL at 48 weeks, in early treatment-experienced HIV-infected patients. In addition to general safety parameter measurements, this trial will also assess changes in metabolic, inflammatory, immune restoration, and bone markers. Screening will occur over a 6-week period. The primary endpoint will be assessed at Week 48, and the treatment period is 48 weeks. The end of study endpoint will be met by either completing the Week 48 visit, or by early termination from the study for any reason.

NCT01199939 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug: Etravirine Drug: Ritonavir Drug: Darunavir
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
HPO:Immunodeficiency

Inclusion Criteria: - Male or female patients, aged 18 years or above - Patients with documented HIV-1 infection - On current HAART regimen for at least 12 weeks continuous duration at screening, and with an HIV-1 plasma viral load above 500 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL by site's currently utilized viral load assay (Note: For the purposes of this study, HAART is defined as treatment with a combination of 3 or more HIV antiretroviral medications from at least 2 different classes of medications (NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs, integrase inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, fusion inhibitors)) - No more than 2 previous virologic failures while on PI-containing HAART regimens where virologic failure is generally defined as either a lack of suppression of the subjects' viral load to lower limit of quantification (per standard assay historically used in care) after 24 weeks of treatment or, rebound of a previously suppressed viral load (undetectable per investigator's standard of care) to detectable limits and without demonstrated re-suppression on the same regimen - Demonstrated phenotypic sensitivity to both etravirine and darunavir based on resistance testing at Screening (FC= 2.9 for etravirine and FC = 10.0 for darunavir using the PhenoSense GT) - The absence of all of the following Resistance Associated Mutations (RAMS) at baseline: For Darunavir: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L/M, T74P, L76V, I84V, L89V - For Etravirine: L100I, E138A, I167V, V179D, V179F, Y181I, Y181V, G190S - 7. CD4 count = 50 cells/mm3. --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: CVR is defined as confirmed plasma Viral Load of less than 50 human immunodeficiency virus - type 1 (HIV-1) ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies/mL.

Measure: Number of Participants With Confirmed Virologic Response (CVR) at Week 48

Time: Week 48

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 4

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 4

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 8

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 8

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 12

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 12

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 16

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 16

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 20

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 20

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 24

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 24

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 30

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 30

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 36

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 36

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 42

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 42

Measure: Change From Baseline in Log10 Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Load at Week 48

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 48

Description: CVR is defined as confirmed plasma Viral Load of less than 50 human immunodeficiency virus - type 1 (HIV-1) ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies/mL.

Measure: Time to Reach First Confirmed Virologic Response

Time: Baseline (Day 1) to Week 48

Description: Virologic Failure is defined as participant who is a rebounder or a non-responder. Rebounder participant is defined as a participant who is still in the study at Week 12 and first achieves 2 consecutive virologic responses (<50 copies/mL) followed by 2 consecutive non-responses or a discontinued participant (any reason) for which the last observed time point shows a non-response. Non responder participant is defined as a participant who is still in the study at Week 12 and never achieves 2 consecutive responses.

Measure: Number of Participants With Virologic Failure

Time: Baseline (Day 1) to Week 48

Measure: Change From Baseline in Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4+) and Cluster of Differentiation 8 (CD8+) Cell Counts at Week 48

Time: Baseline (Day 1) and Week 48

12 DRIVESHAFT : Darunavir/Ritonavir In Virologically-suppressed Experienced Subjects Halving an Antiretroviral by Finetuning Therapy - A Phase IV Randomized, Open-Label Study to Evaluate in HIV-1 Infected , Virologically-suppressed Patients on Regimens With Darunavir 600mg/ Ritonavir 100mg Twice-daily Switching to Darunavir 800mg/ Ritonavir 100mg Once-daily Versus Continuing Darunavir 600mg/ Ritonavir 100mg Twice-daily Containing Regimens

Darunavir is a nonpeptidic protease inhibitor with a high genetic barrier to resistance that evolved from a prototype compound synthesized using structure-based design strategies. Once-daily darunavir at 800mg boosted with 100mg of ritonavir is an effective antiretroviral agent indicated for HIV-infected treatment-naïve patients. In treatment-experienced patients, darunavir was initially approved for twice-daily administration boosted with twice-daily ritonavir at 600mg and 100mg, respectively. Recently, once-daily darunavir/ritonavir was approved for use in treatment-experienced adult patients with viremia with no darunavir resistance mutations. In treatment-experienced patients with viral suppression, switching from an antiretroviral taken twice-daily to a once-daily dose is an attractive option to promote greater patient acceptability and adherence, and potentially minimize side effects and toxicities. Because of darunavir/ritonavir's high genetic barrier to resistance and well-established safety profile at a once-daily dose, switching patients with virologic suppression from twice-daily darunavir/ritonavir to once-daily darunavir/ritonavir will likely confer attributes more favorable to patients through a simplified dosing schedule and lower potential for lipid elevation without the loss of virologic control. DRIVESHAFT is a 48-week Phase 4, randomized, open label, comparative study. The study will be conducted in 60 HIV-1 infected, antiretroviral experienced, virologically-suppressed patients on regimens containing darunavir 600mg/ ritonavir 100mg twice-daily and a minimum of two other antiretrovirals, with a history of 0-1 darunavir-associated resistance mutations. Subjects will be randomized 1:1 to switch to darunavir 800mg/ ritonavir 100mg once-daily or continue on their current regimen. Rates of virologic suppression of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir regimens relative to darunavir/ritonavir twice-daily regimens will be compared, and safety, change from baseline fasting lipid parameters, and adherence will be evaluated.

NCT01423812 HIV Drug: Twice-daily Darunavir and ritonavir Drug: Once-daily Darunavir and ritonavir

3. CD4 >50 cells/mm3 4. HIV-1 RNA concentrations at undetectable levels (according to local assay being used) for at least 12 weeks on stable current regimen 5. Current regimen includes darunavir/ritonavir 600/100 mg twice-daily plus a minimum of two other antiretrovirals 6. Negative serum pregnancy test at screening visit Exclusion Criteria: Subjects meeting any of the following criteria must not be enrolled in the study: 1. Known hypersensitivity reaction to agents being utilized in the study 2. >1 cumulative darunavir associated mutations (V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L or M, T74P, L76V, I84V, or L89V) detected from any previous genotype or a VircoTYPE HIV-1 darunavir fold-change >10.0 on any previous virtual phenotype 3. Pregnant or breast feeding woman 4. Liver dysfunction with Child-Pugh class C disease or decompensated cirrhosis Inclusion Criteria: 1. ART-experienced, HIV-1 infected subjects ≥18 years of age. 2. A female subject is eligible to enter and participate in the study if she: 1. is of non-childbearing potential defined as either post-menopausal (12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea and ≥45 years of age) or physically incapable of becoming pregnant with documented tubal ligation, hysterectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy or, 2. is of child-bearing potential, with a negative pregnancy test at both Screen and Day 1 and agrees to one of the following methods of contraception to avoid pregnancy: - Complete abstinence from intercourse from 2 weeks prior to administration of study medications, throughout the study, and for at least 2 weeks after discontinuation of all study medications. --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

3. CD4 >50 cells/mm3 4. HIV-1 RNA concentrations at undetectable levels (according to local assay being used) for at least 12 weeks on stable current regimen 5. Current regimen includes darunavir/ritonavir 600/100 mg twice-daily plus a minimum of two other antiretrovirals 6. Negative serum pregnancy test at screening visit Exclusion Criteria: Subjects meeting any of the following criteria must not be enrolled in the study: 1. Known hypersensitivity reaction to agents being utilized in the study 2. >1 cumulative darunavir associated mutations (V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L or M, T74P, L76V, I84V, or L89V) detected from any previous genotype or a VircoTYPE HIV-1 darunavir fold-change >10.0 on any previous virtual phenotype 3. Pregnant or breast feeding woman 4. Liver dysfunction with Child-Pugh class C disease or decompensated cirrhosis HIV null --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Proportion of subjects with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 c/mL at Week 48 using a Missing, Switch, or Discontinuation = Failure (MSDF) algorithm as codified by the FDA's "snapshot" algorithm

Measure: Primary Efficacy Endpoint for Virologic Suppression in HIV-infected Subjects

Time: 48 weeks after randomization to study medication

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Proportion of subjects with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 c/mL and <400 c/mL at Week 24 Proportion of subjects with plasma HIV-1 RNA <400 c/mL at Week 48

Measure: Secondary Efficacy Endpoints

Time: Within 48 weeks after randomization to study medication

Description: •Compare the tolerability, safety, and change in lipid parameters(total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides) of once-daily versus twice-daily darunavir/ritonavir containing regimens over 48 weeks

Measure: Safety Assessment

Time: Within 48 weeks of randomization to study medications

Description: •Absolute values and changes from baseline in CD4+ and CD8+ over time

Measure: Immunologic Endpoints

Time: 48 weeks after randomization to study medications

Description: •Assess the development of viral resistance in subjects experiencing virological failure

Measure: Assessment of Virologic Failure

Time: Within 48 weeks of randomization to study medications

Description: Characterize adherence to once-daily versus twice-daily darunavir/ritonavir containing regimens using the Modified Medication Adherence Self-Report Inventory (M-MASRI) scale

Measure: Medication Adherence Assessment

Time: Within 48 weeks of randomization to study medications

Description: •Proportion of subjects with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 c/mL at Week 24

Measure: Secondary Efficacy Endpoints

Time: week 24

13 An Open-Label Phase 3B Study in HIV-Infected Individuals With Viremia on or After Their First-Line Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor or Integrase Inhibitor-Based Regimen and Starting a Second-Line Regimen Consisting of ATV/RTV or DRV/RTV With an Optimized NRTI Backbone

The purpose of this study is to determine the proportion of subjects with HIV-1 RNA < 50 c/mL at Week 48 in patients who failed their first line therapy containing a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) or an integrase inhibitor

NCT01605084 HIV Drug: Atazanavir Drug: Darunavir Drug: Ritonavir Drug: Optimized NRTI backbone

An NRTI or PI (reported with or without ritonavir) with a "partially sensitive" net assessment will not be considered "fully sensitive" 4. Mentally able to participate in the study 5. Men and women ≥ 18 years old - Women of child bearing potential who engage in vaginal intercourse and who are not clinically sterilized must use highly effective methods of birth control during the study Exclusion Criteria: 1. Screening HIV genotype showing presence at baseline of any of the following Protease inhibitor (PI) Mutation Patterns associated with genotypic resistance to Atazanavir sulfate/ Ritonavir or Darunavir/Ritonavir will lead to exclusion: 1. Subjects with any darunavir associated mutations* at baseline (*V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L, I54M, T74P, L76V, I84V and L89V) 2. Subjects with a major mutation to Atazanavir sulfate consisting of N88S 3. Subjects with more than 3 of any of the following Atazanavir sulfate related mutations:D30N, M36I/V, M46I/L/T, I54V/L/T/M/A, A71V/T/I/G, G73S/A/C/T, V77I, V82A/F/T/S/I, I84V/A, N88D or L90M 2. Subjects with < 1 fully active NRTI on PhenoSense report, other than lamivudine and emtricitabine 3. Diagnosed with active tuberculosis 4. Chronic hepatitis B infection 5. Hepatitis C-positive patients who are not clinically stable or need treatment during the study period 6. --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of subjects with Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) < 50 c/mL

Time: At Week 48

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of subjects with HIV-1 RNA < 50 c/mL

Time: At week 24

Measure: Change from baseline in CD4 cell count

Time: Baseline (Week 0) and at week 48

Measure: Incidence rates of serious adverse event (SAEs) and adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuation

Time: up to week 48

Measure: Incidence rates of antiretroviral resistance measured by newly emergent genotypic substitutions and phenotypic resistance to study drugs for virologic failure

Time: up to week 48

Measure: Proportion of subjects with HIV-1 RNA < 50 c/mL at Week 48 by baseline M184V presence or absence

Time: Week 48

14 A Phase IV, Open-label Single-arm Study Investigating the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the Antiretroviral Combination of Rilpivirine and Ritonavirboosted Darunavir in Therapy-naive HIV-1 Infected Patients.

For patients who are starting to take antiretroviral medication (to treat HIV) for the first time, there are now a variety of different medicines which may be taken together as a combination in order to form an effective treatment which suppresses the virus for prolonged periods of time. Currently, national guidelines recommend the use of two different drugs of one type (the nucleoside/ nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, NRTI often known as "nukes") with a third drug from one of two other types (either a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, known as an NNRTI or "nonnuke", or a protease inhibitor, known as a PI) to form a treatment regime of three active drugs. In the UK and Europe, all PIs are given in combination with a small dose of a second PI, ritonavir, which has the effect of boosting the levels of the active PI in the bloodstream. The investigators know from both research studies and patient experience in clinic that a combination of a ritonavirboosted PI with an NNRTI achieves similar results in suppressing the HIV virus, compared to the use of either a PI or NNRTI with 2 NRTI as described above. In this study, the investigators will observe the combination of two licensed antiretroviral medications, ritonavirboosted darunavir(DRV/r) and rilpivirine (RPV), in suppressing virus when given to patients who are commencing treatment for HIV infection for the first time. Both of these drugs are licensed for treatment of patients with HIV in the UK and Europe, and are currently in standard clinical use. The study will monitor this treatment over the first 48 weeks. The investigators will also examine the levels of both drugs in the bloodstream during the first 4 weeks of starting this regimen, to confirm that they remain at levels which the investigators know to be effective against the virus.

NCT01736761 HIV Drug: Darunavir, Ritonavir and Rilpivirine

- Disallowed concomitant medication as per the summary of product characteristics for darunavir or rilpivirine (see section 5.2). - Any genotypic resistance mutations on screening or prior tests to darunavir (V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54M, I54L, T74P, L76V, I84V and L89V) or rilpivirine (K101E, K101P, E138A, E138G, E138K, E138R, E138Q, V179L, Y181C, Y181I, Y181V, H221Y, F227C, M230I, and M230L). --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: To describe the rate of virologic suppression after 48 weeks of therapy with the study regime. This will be measured by the proportion of patients with HIV-1 RNA ≤ 40 copies/mL at week 48

Measure: Virologic suppression after 48 weeks of therapy with the study regime

Time: 48 weeks

Secondary Outcomes

Description: The proportion of enrolled patients with a reduction from baseline in HIV-1 RNA >1 log10 copies /mL at weeks 4, 8, 12 and proportion with HIV-1 RNA ≤400 copies/mL at week 24.

Measure: To explore the virologic response to this combination rilpivirine and ritonavir-boosted darunavir at weeks 4, 8, 12 and 24 of therapy.

Time: 24 weeks

Other Outcomes

Description: The PK parameters (Cmax, C24, AUC0-24, and t1/2) for darunavir, rilpivirine and ritonavir at steady-state on day 28

Measure: To investigate the plasma pharmacokinetics of darunavir, ritonavir and rilpivirine when given in combination

Time: Day 28

15 Strategic Study of Dual-therapy With Darunavir/Ritonavir and Rilpivirine QD Versus Triple-therapy in Patients With Suppressed Viral Load: Virological Efficacy and Evaluation of Non-HIV Related Morbidity.

Clinical approach to HIV infection treatment is based on the use of highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) and recent national and international guidelines for guiding HIV therapy recommend the use of triple-combination therapy using antiretrovirals with 2 nucleos(t)ide inhibitors [N(n)RTI] as backbone plus a third drug to be chosen among a boosted protease inhibitor (PI/r), a nonnucleoside inhibitor (NNRTI) or an integrase inhibitor (II). In spite of evident efficacy of HAART, as demonstrated by survival increasing, long term side effects, as for example the impact on renal function, remain principal problem. In patient with risk factor for renal disease, a reduction of eGRF (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) between 90 and 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 could be already considered as a risk condition [1,2]. Efficacy of HAART, with increase of media survival and the parallel decrease of mortality, has underlined the necessity to reflect on long term HAART effects [3]. There are many evidences of HAART-related toxicity that, in spite of the necessity of a life-saving therapy, focus on the additional costs of this situation, in terms of health as well as in terms of economic costs. Particular attention has been focused on the impact of some drugs on renal function, as tenofovir, especially on tubule, without forgetting the modification of lipid and bone metabolisms. According to further studies which have evidenced the potential of some recently introduced molecules [4,5], the investigators had the need to realize a study to deepen the feasibility of a dual-therapy that permit to exclude NRTIs from the backbone, with the aim to prevent NRTIs-related long-term toxicity. The investigators have designed a prospective randomized controlled trial, open-label, with a duration of 96 weeks, to compare the efficacy of a dual-therapy based on rilpivirine 25mg plus darunavir 800mg/ritonavir 100mg QD, in HIV-positive subjects with suppressed viremia from at least 3 months. In fact, there are a few data about association of these drugs, which it has been shown to be safe, well tolerated, and with a strong pharmacological synergy, without nucleos(t)idic backbone, while the necessity to minimize the costs toxicity-related is becoming increasingly compelling. According to clinical experience and literature data, the investigators hope this study shows positive results in term of immune-virological efficacy, as well as in term of decrease of VACS index - a complex parameter which has the purpose to quantify general organic decay - and markers of lipid and bone metabolism, in group which receives dual-therapy versus the group with standard therapy.

NCT01792570 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug: RPV + DRV/r Drug: continue the PI/r-containing HAART.
MeSH:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome HIV Infections

Exclusion Criteria: - Previous drug resistance genotypic test showing the presence of any RPV (RT: K101E/P, E138A/G/K/Q/R, V179L, Y181C/I/V, Y188L, H221Y, F227C, M230I/L) or DRV (protease: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54M/L, T74P, L76V, I84V, L89V) resistance associated mutation (RAM), according to the November 2011 IAS-USA list; - Child-Pugh C or grade 3-4 AST or ALT values; - Acute cardiovascular event within 6 months; - AIDS event within 6 months; - Current IVDU; - HBsAg +; - Pregnancy or lactation. --- K101E --- --- E138A --- --- V179L --- --- Y181C --- --- Y188L --- --- H221Y --- --- F227C --- --- M230I --- --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Responders: HIV+ subjects with HIV-RNA < 50 cp/mL at week 48 according to the intention-to-treat (ITT-TLOVR) approach.

Measure: HIV-RNA < 50 cp/mL

Time: Week 48

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Safety will be assessed through the number of ACTG grade III and IV in the specified safety parameters.

Measure: ACTG grade III and IV events.

Time: over 96 weeks.

16 An Open Label Randomized Clinical Trial, to Evaluate the Treatment With Darunavir/Ritonavir + Lamivudine Once Daily Versus Continuing With Darunavir/Ritonavir Once Daily + Tenofovir/Emtricitabine or Abacavir/Lamivudine in HIV Infected Subject With Suppressed Plasma Viremia

This is an open label randomized clinial trial to evaluate the treatment with darunavir/ritonavir (800mg/100mg) plus lamivudine (300 mg) once daily versus continuing with darunavir/ritonavir (800mg/100mg) once daily plus tenofovir/emtricitabine (300mg/200mg) or abacavir/lamivudine (600mg/300mg) in HIV infected subject with suppressed plasma viremia.

NCT02159599 HIV Infection Drug: Darunavir/Ritonavir Drug: Lamivudine Drug: Emtricitabine/tenofovir or abacavir/lamivudine
MeSH:HIV Infections

3. Treatment with darunavir/ritonavir once a day and tenofovir/emtricitabine or abacavir/lamivudine during at least 4 weeks at the moment of the screening 4. Plasma HIV RNA levels below 50 copies / ml for at least 6 months (two separate measurements at least 6 months with viremia <50 copies / ml between both). 5. HbsAg negative Exclusion Criteria: 1. Pregnant or breastfeeding woman 2. Evidence of Lamivudine resistance (any previous genotype with mutation M184V/I or K65R) and/or to darunavir (population genotype show any of the following mutations: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L/M, G73S, T74P, L76V, I84V, L89V). --- M184V --- --- K65R --- --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Undetectable viral load <50 copies/ml according to the FDA snapshot algorithm

Measure: Proportion of patients with undetectable viral load

Time: week 48

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Undetectable viral load < 50 copies/ml according to the FDA snapshot algorithm

Measure: Proportion of patients with undetectable viral load

Time: Week 24

Description: Proportion of patients with viral load < 200 copies/ml according to FDA snapshot algorithm

Measure: Proportion of patients with viral load < 200 copies/ml

Time: week 48

Description: Viral load ≥ 50 copies/ml

Measure: Proportion of patients who present viral load ≥ 50 copies /ml one time

Time: From basal visit until week 48 visit

Description: Viral load ≥ 50 copies /ml

Measure: Proportion of patients who present viral load ≥ 50 copies /ml more tan two times

Time: From basal visit until week 48 visit

Description: Viral load < 50 copies/ml

Measure: Proportion of patients who maintained viral load < 50 copies/ml in all determinations

Time: week 48

Description: CD4/µl

Measure: Median of change cells CD4/µl count from basal to week 48

Time: week 48

Measure: Median of change in triglycerides , LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol from basal to week 48

Time: week 48

Description: Change in glomerular filtration

Measure: Change in renal function

Time: week 48

Measure: Change in proportion of patients with renal tubular dysfunction

Time: week 48

Other Outcomes

Description: Mutations in patients viral failure

Measure: Proportion of genotypic resistance mutations

Time: Week 48

Measure: Change in proportion of genotypic resistance mutations

Time: week 48

17 A Phase IV 48 Week, Open Label, Pilot Study of Darunavir Boosted by Cobicistat in Combination With Rilpivirine to Treat HIV+ Naïve Subjects (PREZENT)

Current HIV treatment guidelines recommend the use of triple-drug therapy (two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and either a protease inhibitor, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, or an integrase inhibitor) for the treatment of antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve patients. With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), patients with HIV are living much longer. With the increasing lifespan of persons with HIV, long-term complications from therapy as well as the occurrence of co-morbidities with aging have prompted HCPs to re-think the current treatment paradigm and consider novel combinations of ARVs. All of the currently approved HIV antiretrovirals have been implicated in causing long-term toxicities; however the greatest body of evidence for long-term metabolic effects has implicated the nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NRTI) class. By utilizing a non-NRTI treatment regimen, it is hypothesized that many of these long-term metabolic effects (renal toxicity, bone loss, body fat changes) can be delayed or avoided altogether. The clinical data on novel combinations is currently limited but rapidly growing and has included several combinations that have utilized darunavir. This study will be the first of its kind using the unique combination of darunavir/cobicistat and rilpivirine. Currently, this drug combination is not a recommended option for first time treatment of HIV

NCT02404233 HIV Positive Drug: darunavir/cobicistat Drug: rilpivirine
MeSH:HIV Seropositivity

Exclusion Criteria 1. Patient with active AIDS-defining opportunistic infection or disease according to the 1993 CDC AIDS surveillance definition (Clinical Category C) in the 30 days prior to baseline and that, in the opinion of the investigator, would preclude the patient from participating in the study (See Appendix C). 2. Patient has none of the following darunavir-associated RAMs: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V, I50V, I54L, I54M, T74P, L76V, I84V, L89V 3. Having documented genotypic evidence of NNRTI resistance at screening or from historical data available in the source documents, i.e. at least one of the NNRTI rams from the following list; K101E, K101P, E138A, E138G, E138K, E138R, E138Q, , V179L, Y181C, Y181I, Y181V, Y188L, H221Y, F227C, M230I, M230L, or the combination of the K103N and L100I. --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL

Time: up to weeks 48

Secondary Outcomes

Measure: Proportion of patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL at each time point evaluated

Time: At week 4, week 12, week 24, week 36, week 48

Measure: Number of weeks until HIV RNA <400 copies/mL and <50 copies/mL, respectively

Time: At week 4, week 12, week 24

18 Darunavir/Cobicistat and Dolutegravir to Maintain Virologic Suppression and Reduce NRTI-associated Toxicity (The 'deNUC' Study; TMC114HIV2030)

This is a clinical research study to see if switching to Darunavir/Cobicistat ((PREZCOBIX™, DRV/COBI ) and Dolutegrivir (Tivicay®, DTG) in HIV-infected individuals with undetectable HIV viral load on nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-containing therapy will be effective in maintaining virologic suppression at 48 weeks of treatment.

NCT02499978 HIV/AIDS Drug: Darunavir/Cobicistat Drug: Dolutegravir

Prohibited protease mutations: V11I, V32I, L33F, I47V/A/L, I50V, I54T/S/L/M, T74P, L76V, V82F, I84V, or L89V Prohibited INSTI mutations: E92Q, E92K/A, G140S/A/C, Q148H/R/K or Q148 substitution plus any of the following: L74I/M, E138A/D/K/T, G140A/S, Y143H/R, E157Q, G163E/K/Q/R/S, or G193E/R. --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: Compare between arms the proportion of patients maintaining virologic suppression (i.e., no confirmed HIV RNA levels ≥200 copies/mL) at Week 24

Measure: Virologic suppression (24 weeks)

Time: 24 weeks

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Evaluate the proportion of participants who maintain virologic suppression 24 weeks post-switch (i.e. at 24 weeks in the immediate switch arm and at 48 weeks in the delayed switch arm)

Measure: Virologic Suppression (48 weeks)

Time: 48 weeks

19 A Phase 4, Randomized, Open Label, Controlled Study of Boosted Darunavir and Lamivudine Versus Boosted Darunavir and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir or Lamivudine/Tenofovir in Naïve HIV-1 Infected Subjects

The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of a combination of a QD regimen consisting on ritonavir boosted darunavir (FDC) and lamivudine versus ritonavir boosted darunavir (FDC) plus co-formulated tenofovir and emtricitabine or co-formulated tenofovir/lamivudine in naïve HIV-1 infected patients. Subjects will be ARV-naïve HIV-1-infected patients eligible to start ARV therapy according to current guidelines.Subjects will be adults ≥ 18 years of age who meet all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria.

NCT02770508 HIV-1 Infection Drug: darunavir/ritonavir Drug: Lamivudine Drug: emtricitabine-tenofovir(FTC/TDF)

Any of the following mutations will be considered resistance to DRV/r : - I47V, I50V, I54M/L, L76V, I84V or, 3 or more minor mutations : V11I, V32I, L33F, T74P, L89V. --- I47V --- --- I50V --- --- I54M --- --- L76V --- --- I84V --- --- V11I --- --- V32I --- --- L33F ---

Primary Outcomes

Description: The percentage of participants with Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) <50 c/mL at Week 48 will be assessed using Missing, Switch or Discontinuation = Failure (MSDF), as codified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) "snapshot" algorithm. This algorithm treated all participants without HIV-1 RNA data at Week 48 as nonresponders, Otherwise, virologic success or failure will be determined by the last available HIV-1 RNA assessment while the participant was on-treatment in the snapshot window (Week 48 +/- 6 weeks).

Measure: Percentage of patients with HIV-1 RNA levels of less than 50 copies/mL at week 48

Time: 48 weeks

Secondary Outcomes

Description: The percentage of participants with Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) <400 c/mL at Week 24 will be assessed using Missing, Switch or Discontinuation = Failure (MSDF), as codified by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) "snapshot" algorithm.

Measure: Percentage of patients with HIV-1 RNA <400 copies/mL at week 24

Time: 24 weeks

Description: An genotiping test will be made at time to virological failure to detect mutation across reverse transcriptase (RT), and Protease (PRO). Protocol defined virological failure was defined as confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA levels >=400 copies/mL on or after Week 24 or confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA levels >=50 copies/mL at week 48

Measure: Number and type of resistance mutations in case of virologic failure

Time: from week 24 to week 48

Description: Change from Baseline in CD4+ cell counts will be assessed at Weeks 24 and 48.

Measure: CD4+ lymphocyte count and change between baseline (defined as the average between screening and baseline visit values) and weeks 24 and 48

Time: week 24 and 48

Description: Number of Participants With Abnormal Laboratory Values and/or Adverse Events That Are Related to Treatment

Measure: Frequency, type and severity of adverse events and laboratory abnormalities.

Time: week 24 and 48

Description: Clinical disease progression (CDP) was assessed according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV-1 classification system. Category (CAT) A: one or more of the following conditions (CON), without any CON listed in Categories B and C: asymptomatic HIV infection, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, acute (primary) HIV infection with accompanying illness or history of acute HIV infection. CAT B: symptomatic CON that are attributed to HIV infection or are indicative of a defect in cell-mediated immunity; or that are considered by physicians to have a clinical course or to require management that is complicated by HIV infection; and not included among CON listed in clinical CAT C. CAT C: the clinical CON listed in the AIDS surveillance case definition. Indicators of CDP were defined as: CDC CAT A at Baseline (BS) to a CDC CAT C event (EV); CDC CAT B at BS to a CDC CAT C EV; CDC CAT C at BS to a new CDC CAT C EV; or CDC CAT A, B, or C at BS to death.

Measure: Clinical disease progression (CDP)

Time: week 24 and 48

Description: The evaluation of quality of life will be done through two validated instruments: the Medical Outcomes Study HIV Health Survey ( MOS - HIV) and EuroQol 5D (EQ - 5D ) . Both instruments will be administered to patients at baseline , week 24 and week 48 .

Measure: Changes in quality of life

Time: baseline, week 24 and week 48


HPO Nodes


HP:0002721: Immunodeficiency
Genes 267
WHCR EPG5 CTPS1 MBTPS2 TLR3 IL2RG ISG15 CHD1 CLCA4 JAK3 PRKCD AK2 CD40LG FOXN1 NFE2L2 ATRX TNFRSF1B SKIV2L IFNGR1 TTC37 DCLRE1C TBCE BCR ZBTB24 CD3G BSCL2 SDHD XRCC4 LAMTOR2 IKZF1 AGPAT2 CTBP1 LRRC8A RAG2 ANTXR2 SLC46A1 CHD7 TINF2 CR2 IRF7 USP8 CD3E CD3D IL12B TNFRSF13C NHEJ1 IL2RG CD79B TNFSF12 EPG5 CUL4B ICOS LAT MAGT1 IL7R TBX1 TERT UNC93B1 LCK DCLRE1C MTHFD1 HIRA NSD2 CARD9 IRF8 UROS SHANK3 PIK3CD UFD1 NHP2 MYC CD81 CD79A TNFSF12 UNC119 RAG1 LRBA NCF2 LMNB2 BUB1B SEC23B FGFRL1 LYST CDCA7 BLNK RMRP FOS TCF3 RAG1 RBCK1 NFKB2 SIN3A CTLA4 JMJD1C CD81 MEIS2 PGM3 POLE IKBKG ADA IRF8 STAT1 PARN CFTR TNFRSF13C IL21R TNFRSF13B ICOS NFKB1 LIG4 CD28 SIK3 USB1 RAG1 IKBKG ADA DNMT3B RAG2 CR2 STX1A SEC24C SDHC ADA2 BTK IL2RG NCF1 FOXN1 TNFRSF13C LAMTOR2 ACTB SP110 RTEL1 SKIV2L PIK3R1 CDC42 RTEL1 CARD11 DNMT3B SDHB CDH23 HELLS PRKDC PIK3CA TYK2 AP3D1 TRAF3 FRAS1 CORO1A SPATA5 DOCK2 AKT1 RTEL1 XIAP FCGR3A TFRC ACD COMT ACP5 LETM1 RNF168 CD19 PNP POLE CHD1 RMRP AGL STAT1 ARVCF NFKB2 SH2D1A WAS NFKB1 IL21 AK2 IL2RA CDC42 GATA1 PARN ZBTB24 SMARCAL1 STIM1 TNFRSF13B NPM1 COG6 DKC1 CYBA MALT1 MS4A1 ICOS PTEN DCTN4 TINF2 DKC1 LIG4 TBX1 CR2 PRPS1 RAG1 UNG CAV1 HYOU1 RAC2 LYST IRAK4 RAB27A TNFRSF4 TGFB1 FCN3 USF3 HBB CCDC47 IFNGR2 RREB1 IRAK4 IKBKG CD19 CAVIN1 RAG2 PPARG AICDA IKBKB CD40 PGM3 PKP1 KLLN MYD88 CPLX1 EXTL3 MMUT XIAP STAT1 ORAI1 IKBKG CD19 CD247 TBK1 CYBB PIK3R1 TICAM1 CTC1 WRAP53 GP1BB TTC7A TTC7A NOP10 RNF168 BCL10 MAPK1 WIPF1 MS4A1 IL12RB1 TERC DKC1 BCL11B XRCC4 IGHM STK4 IL7R PTPRC IGLL1 CRKL IL2RB ATM IRF2BP2 GATA2 SPATA5 TERT
SNP 0