PNPLA3 rs738409 (I148M) variant is associated with hepatic liver accumulation and chronic liver diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It has been shown that obesity augments genetic risk but studies investigating the interaction of PNPLA3 rs738409 risk variant and diet are scarce. The aim is to investigate the effect of dietary fat quality modification in participants with different variants of the PNPLA3 gene (rs738409). The primary outcome is the change in liver fat measured by magnetic resonance imaging in the randomized controlled 12-week dietary intervention trial.
Name: Dietary intervention: Healthy diet
Name: Dietary intervention: Control diet
Description: The primary outcome is the change in liver fat measured by magnetic resonance imaging
Measure: Liver fat Time: 12 weeksDescription: The hepatic condition will be monitored by ultrasound
Measure: Hepatic condition monitored by ultrasound Time: 12 weeksDescription: The hepatic condition will be monitored by elastography
Measure: Hepatic condition monitored by elastography Time: 12 weeksDescription: The hepatic condition will be monitored by calculating and comparing Fibrosis-4 index, NAFLD Fibrosis Score, hepatic steatosis index, the fatty liver index and NAFLD liver fat score.
Measure: Hepatic condition monitored by calculated indexes Time: 12 weeksDescription: Changes in glucose metabolism (oral glucose tolerance test, 0, 30 min and 2 h samples)
Measure: Glucose metabolism Time: 12 weeksDescription: Concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides
Measure: Serum lipid profile Time: 12 weeksDescription: Serum circulating concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Measure: Inflammatory markers Time: 12 weeksDescription: Mass spectrometry based metabolomics analysis
Measure: Plasma metabolomic profile Time: 12 weeksDescription: Mass spectrometry based lipidomics analysis
Measure: Plasma lipidomic profile Time: 12 weeksDescription: The DNA/RNA of gut microbiota will be extracted and collected for high throughput metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to observe changes in type and composition of gut microbiota.
Measure: Gut microbiota Time: 12 weeksDescription: Fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids, cholesteryl esters and triglycerides
Measure: Fatty acid composition of plasma lipid fractions Time: 12 weeksAllocation: Randomized
Parallel Assignment
There is one SNP
Liver, Diet and Genetic Background PNPLA3 rs738409 (I148M) variant is associated with hepatic liver accumulation and chronic liver diseases including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. --- I148M ---
PNPLA3 rs738409 (I148M) variant is associated with hepatic liver accumulation and chronic liver diseases including NAFLD. --- I148M ---