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Report for Clinical Trial NCT02931487

Developed by Shray Alag, 2020.
SNP Clinical Trial Gene

Restoring Emotion Regulation Networks in Depression Vulnerability: An Experimental Study Applying an Attention Bias Modification Procedure

Selective biases in attention can be modified by a simple computerized technique: The Attention Bias Modification Task (ABM) pioneered by MacLeod et al. Cognitive biases may be one reason depression recurs, and altering these biases should reduce risk of recurrence. Recently, evidence has supported this hypothesis . The mechanisms by which ABM works are not well understood. More research is needed to explore how altering an implicit attentional bias can lead to changes in subjective mood. One possible explanation is that positive attentional biases are an important component of explicit methods of emotion regulation. The ability to effectively regulate one's emotions is a fundamental component of mental health and this ability is impaired in depression. It has also been shown that recovered depressed people spontaneously show a more dysfunctional pattern of emotion regulation as compared to never depressed controls. Supporting this, growing evidence implicates dysregulation of a medial/orbitofrontal circuit in mood disorders. This circuit includes the orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex, the ventral striatum, the ventral pallidum and medial thalamus. Components of this circuit are reciprocally connected with the amygdala, which is implicated in emotional processing in the healthy brain and dysregulated in depression. Negative emotion processing biases depend on both enhanced "bottom-up" responses to emotionally salient stimuli and reduces "top-down" cognitive control mechanisms, required to suppress responses to emotionally salient but task irrelevant information. Cognitive reappraisal and distancing are common strategies to down- or upregulate emotional responses. Reappraisal is an emotion regulation strategy that involves reinterpretation and changing the way one thinks about an event or stimulus with the goal of changing its affective impact. Distancing is a type of reappraisal that involves creating mental space between oneself and the emotional event in order to see things from a different, less self-focused perspective. It has been shown that distancing is a strategy that people can improve at over time compared to reinterpretation. The neural systems which support the explicit regulation of emotion have previously been characterized and include both lateral- and prefrontal cortex. This frontal activity is predicted to downregulate limbic circuitry involving the amygdala during passive viewing of emotional salient stimuli.

NCT02931487 Major Depression
MeSH: Depression Depressive Disorder
HPO: Depressivity

2 Interventions

Name: Attentional Bias Modification

Description: Computerized

Type: Behavioral

Attentional Bias Modification

Name: Sham Comparator

Description: Computerized

Type: Behavioral

Sham comparator


Primary Outcomes

Description: Stronger fMRI BOLD response in prefrontal cortical regions in ABMT compared to neutral AMB placebo condition.

Measure: BOLD response in prefrontal cortical regions

Time: Two weeks after after ABM-training

Secondary Outcomes

Description: Lower ABM fMRI BOLD response within the amygdala in ABMT compared to neutral ABM placebo condition.

Measure: BOLD response within the amygdala

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Description: Increased neural integrity as measured by fractional anisotropy values in the uncinate fasciculi (UF) in the active AMBT compared to neutral ABM placebo condition.

Measure: DTI

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Description: Increased integrity within the attentional networks at rest as measured by independent component analysis (ICA) in ABMT compared to neutral ABM training.

Measure: RSFC

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Description: The low expressive variant will be associated with more frontal BOLD activation and lower amygdala activation after ABMT

Measure: 5-HTTLPR + A>G polymorphic variation divided by the triallelic functional "high expressive" versus "low expressive" genotype will moderate the impact from ABMT as measured by whole brain BOLD responses.

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Description: Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) val66met polymorphic variation linked to Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) variation will differentiate between ABMT and neutral AMB placebo as measured by fMRI whole brain BOLD responses.

Measure: BDNF

Time: Two week after ABM-training

Description: A serotonergic cumulative Genetic score, including (5-HHTLPR, HTR1A 8rs6295) and HTR 2A (rs 6311) polymorphisms will moderate the effects of ABM on fMRI BOLD signal compared to a neutral placebo condition.

Measure: Serotonergic cumulative genetic score and fMRI

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Description: A serotonergic cumulative Genetic score, including (5-HHTLPR, HTR1A 8rs6295) and HTR 2A (rs 6311) polymorphisms will moderate the effects of ABM on structural MRI as measured by total grey matter volume compared to a neutral placebo condition.

Measure: Serotonergic cumulative genetic score and morphompetry

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Description: A serotonergic cumulative Genetic score, including (5-HHTLPR, HTR1A 8rs6295) and HTR 2A (rs 6311) polymorphisms will moderate the effects of ABM on DTI MRI as measured by fractional anisotropy compared to a neutral placebo condition.

Measure: Serotonergic cumulative genetic score and fMRI and DTI

Time: Two weeks after ABM-training

Purpose: Prevention

Allocation: Randomized

Parallel Assignment


There is one SNP

SNPs


1 V66M

Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) val66met polymorphic variation linked to Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) variation will differentiate between ABMT and neutral AMB placebo as measured by fMRI whole brain BOLD responses.. Serotonergic cumulative genetic score and fMRI. --- val66met ---



HPO Nodes


HPO:
Depressivity
Genes 377
AMACR BAZ1B PDCD1 PRKAR1A KCTD17 AFG3L2 DNAJC13 NSMF PRPH TBP DNA2 TOR1A UBQLN2 MED25 WFS1 TRNL1 ADH1C ND4 GNAS RFC2 FGF14 HMBS PLA2G6 SPAST PRKCG HTR2A SQSTM1 ATRX GABRA1 FGF8 FUS CLCN4 LMNB1 CLN6 TRNS2 GDAP2 PON2 GSN SNCA FAN1 XK TWNK PTS TRNQ RPS6KA3 TBX1 GLT8D1 OPTN PINK1 GTF2IRD1 NHLRC1 GBA TRNN PANK2 CRBN GNRH1 PSAP NDST1 GLUD2 SOD1 DNAJC6 LRRK2 DNMT1 PDE11A TAC3 DRD2 MAN1B1 HTT AP2S1 SPRY4 PGAP1 CBS SQSTM1 TOR1A AIMP1 TUSC3 PDGFB TWNK FMO3 SLC20A2 MECP2 CACNA1G CDH23 C9ORF72 FUS GPR35 TARDBP C9ORF72 HIRA IDUA HLA-DQB1 PRSS12 C9ORF72 CLIP2 PIGC HNMT JRK TRNF PAH CLRN1 ATXN2 CPOX CEP78 MSTO1 ELN CLCN4 CISD2 PROK2 PDGFB SGCE SLC6A4 KCNT1 PDGFRB UCHL1 MATR3 GABRG2 SMPD1 PRNP GNRHR KISS1R COQ2 HS6ST1 TNIK NEFH MAPT C9ORF72 ATP13A2 PARK7 NSUN2 SLC25A4 CCNF ANXA11 HLA-DQB1 TBL2 CPOX SNCAIP FIG4 TARDBP NOTCH3 LINS1 VAPB BMPR1A ARVCF SLC18A2 C19ORF12 MAPT ATXN10 POLG SLC45A1 KDM5B MST1 SEC24C B3GALNT2 MLH3 PPT1 FRRS1L JPH3 WDR11 PODXL ND6 ARMC5 HTRA2 AIP CRADD TTC19 MED23 ZC3H14 JMJD1C PRNP USH2A ATP1A3 TRNS1 ND5 EDC3 COASY UNC13A COMT UFD1 VCP POLG FMR1 PMS1 FMN2 PRNP PRNP CHD7 DCPS METTL23 DCTN1 TRNL2 GBA PPP2R2B ATP7B GTF2I USH1G PTPN22 SRPX2 TACR3 TWNK GNA11 TMEM106B SNCA CSF1R MLH1 TRNH PMS2 CLIP1 POLG2 ATXN8OS CASR VPS13C PON1 RSRC1 PPOX VCP HLA-DRB1 EZR DUSP6 BCS1L DCTN1 EHMT1 TRNL1 PRNP PDZD7 MSH6 MAPT EPHA4 POLG THOC2 CRKL CYP27A1 PLA2G6 ANG CC2D1A DCTN1 MYO7A CACNA1H HTT DNAJC5 COQ2 GRIN2A GP1BB DGUOK PRKN CHMP2B KRAS ARSA NR4A2 HNRNPA1 CHMP2B WASHC4 TRNS2 ATXN10 MSH2 CFAP410 PFN1 HMBS CACNA1G GNAS MYO7A SLC2A1 PINK1 POLG C9ORF72 PSEN1 ANOS1 PIK3CA ALMS1 TBC1D7 VCP TRNS1 PANK2 GBA TK2 LIMK1 CHCHD10 XPR1 PPARGC1A RPS20 USP8 ST3GAL3 ARMC5 HARS1 KCTD17 TAF15 AARS2 PER3 FGF14 CTSF TBP MECP2 MBOAT7 POLG PAH TREM2 USH1C TREM2 COX1 TBK1 C12ORF4 WARS2 STX16 ATXN8 SGCE ND1 ATXN8OS PRKACA TBK1 ARSG MAPK1 ATXN2 GRN ABCA7 OCRL KCNJ2 TRNW CHCHD10 COX3 RREB1 DAO GIGYF2 GPR101 TECR CDH23 ATP1A3 EPCAM ADGRV1 GNAS TCF4 GNAS GABRG2 PRNP KISS1 TGFBR2 SEMA4A TWNK GCH1 CIB2 COX2 FGFR1 PCDH15 WHRN LRRK2 TRAPPC9 RRM2B FMR1 RRM2B WFS1 FA2H FGF17 HBB PDGFRB SARS1 BCR EIF4G1 POLG ERBB4 GLA PER2 FBXO31 PON3 GLE1 PROKR2 VPS35 NEK1 MSTO1 LMAN2L GNAS DNMT1 GABRB3 CP TBX1 EPM2A PDGFRB GRIK2 SNCA VCP